摘 要:介紹了通過固定頻率的音頻信號來引導和控制小車,并詳細介紹了聲源信號濾波處理。設計出一個發出固定音頻聲音信號的小車,通過硬件模塊對該信號進行采集、放大、濾波處理,輸出穩定的脈沖信號,由此脈沖信號控制小車移動到達指定位置利用周期性聲音引導物體移動。小車在設計的聲音信號指引下到達指定的位置。這里,聲音信號的處理濾波是聲音控制小車重點和難點。
關鍵詞:聲音信號濾波; 聲源定位; SPCE061A; 信號采集
中圖分類號:TP273 文獻標識碼:B
文章編號:1004-373X(2010)12-0062-04
Design of Voice Guidance System and Its Signal Filtering
JING Sheng-hua, WANG Wei, ZHU Song-sheng, CHENG Gang, XIAO Fu-nan, WANG Long-sheng
(Basic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China)
Abstract:The guidance and control of a car through a voice signal with a fixed frequency, and the filtering processing of the acoustic source signal are introduced. The innovation point of the paper is to use a periodical voice to guide the movement of an object. A car which can emit the voice signals with a fixed frequency was design. The signal acquisition, amplification and filtering are performed by hardware modules to output the stable pulse signal which executes the control of the car′s movement. The car arrives at the designated location by the designed pulse signal. The processing and filtering of the speech signal are the key and most difficult points to design the voice-controlled car.
Keywords:audio signal filtering; sound source localization; SPCE061A; signal collection
信號與信息處理學科是信息科學的重要組成部分, 該學科水平的高低反映一個國家的整體科技水平[1]。數字信號處理已在通信、聲音、圖像、自動控制、雷達、軍事、航空航天等領域廣泛應用。數字信號處理的主要研究對象是聲音信號和圖像信號。現代技術發展中,實現智能化、數字化是控制系統的重要發展方向。而聲音信號的處理是重要應用之一。
濾波是聲音信號處理的重要部分,其主要目的是在信號中提取有用信號,屏蔽無用的噪聲。將提取的有用信號進行處理,從而控制硬件實現智能化。聲音控制小車是智能化發展的方向之一。下面通過具體的例子進行聲音引導系統及其信號濾波的設計的分析和說明。
1 硬件設計
1.1 硬件總體概況[2-3]
系統包括:音頻處理終端模塊,聲源控制終端模塊,無線發送、接收模塊,音頻發送、接收模塊,MMC-1芯片,驅動電機模塊。系統基本結構如圖1所示。……