主動還是被動?

丁荷花

一、主動形式表被動意義

1.感觀動詞look， smell， sound， taste， feel

1)Paintings look better in the distance.

油畫遠看效果更好。

2)The beautiful flowers don?蒺t smell fine.

這些美麗的花朵聞上去不香。

3)This piece of music sounds familiar to me.

這首曲子很耳熟。

4)The fish soup tastes delicious. 魚湯非常鮮美。

5)The material feels soft. 這料子手感不錯。

2.不定式

1)Here is a game to play. 有一個游戲可玩。

2)There are a few simple safety measures to follow while training. 訓練時,有幾點簡單的安全措施必須遵循。

3)They are expensive to buy, but you do need a permit. 它們價格不菲,但你得有許可證。

4)There are two more points to consider.

還有兩點要考慮。

5)His speech was not interesting to hear.

他的演講不太好聽。

3. V?鄄ing

1)Generally speaking, the human race has the information and experience to do this. 總的說來,人類已經(jīng)在這方面有知識和經(jīng)驗了。

2)…, and many of the remaining languages have been lost. 而余下的語言有好多已經(jīng)失傳了。

3)…, where they could do body?鄄building. 在那兒他們可以健身。

4)The valuable book is missing.

這本珍貴的書不見了。

5)Judging from his accent, he is from the northeast. 從他的口音來判斷,他是東北人。

6)The woolen ones are hanging over there.

羊毛制品掛在那邊。

4. 其他

1)His records sell well 他的唱片銷量很好。

2)This pen writes smoothly.

這支鋼筆書寫流暢。

3)The material washes easily.

這種料子洗滌方便。

4)The exhibition opened yesterday.

展覽會昨天開幕的。

二、被動形式非被動意義

1.表示方位. Seat, hide, station, locate

1)Please be seated. 請入坐。

2)The village is hidden among trees.

村莊隱蔽在樹林中。

3)The army was stationed at the foot of the hill. 部隊駐扎在山腳下。

4)The temple is located/situated on the top of the mountain. 寺廟坐落在大山頂上。

2.婚姻 engage, marry, divorce

They two were engaged/married/divorced last month 他們倆上個月訂婚/結(jié)婚/離婚了。

3.表達人體部位時

one?鄄eyed獨眼的; one?鄄armed獨臂的; warm?鄄blooded熱血的; cold?鄄hearted冷心腸的; simple?鄄minded頭腦簡單的; three?鄄legged三足的。

三、均為被動

1.表示感受

1)Mike got acquainted with Mary in the English corner. 麥克和瑪麗是在英語角認識的。

2)We were all astonished at his absence.

他沒來讓我們大為驚訝。

3)I was amazed at the news.

聽了這個消息,我感到吃驚。

4)He was deeply affected by her report.

聽了她的報告,他深受感動。

5)You will be surely encouraged by his encouraging deeds.

你肯定會被他那令人鼓舞的事跡鼓舞的。

6)She was frightened by the frightening voice.

那可怕的聲音把她嚇壞了。

7)We were all tired after the tiring work.

干完了累人的活,我們都累壞了。

8)Are you excited about your new job?

找到了新工作,你很激動吧?

9)They became experienced at finding the underground springs. 他們在找地下泉水上很有經(jīng)驗。

10)I was shocked at their waste of money.

他們揮金如土,我太驚訝了。

11)She was disappointed with the result of the experiment. 她對實驗結(jié)果很失望。

12)They were puzzled by several things.

有幾件事令他們百思不得其解。

2.表示意志,決心,安排等

1)She was devoted to her mother and looked after her for many years. 她深愛她的母親,照顧了她好多年。

2)I am determined to catch up with others.

我決定趕上別人。

3)He is engaged in writing an article these days. 這幾天他忙于寫一篇文章。

4)I am not prepared to listen to your excuse.

我才不要聽你得借口。

3.不必講出誰

It is reported/hoped/said/believed that…

1)It has been proved that the way to produce the most food is to…. 已經(jīng)證明能生產(chǎn)出最多食品得辦法是……。

2)…, and it has been suggested that the land should be shared equally among peasants. 有人建議應該在農(nóng)民中平均分配土地。

3)It is thought that drinking eight glasses of water a day is necessary for us. 人們認為一天喝八杯水對我們來說是必要的。

學英語的過程是個積累和留意的過程,并不是所有的中文都有equivalents(對譯詞)的,只要我們做有心人,注意積累,總結(jié),這個過程會輕松得多。