Understanding Chinese translation situation and learning from the history of Chinese translation

劉冬冬 韋 驥 常 浩

Abstract:China translation contact and explore the translation of different periods, this formed a different view.As the restrictions of level of awareness on the times, some of them may inevitably one-sided, even error.China translation has a tortuous process of cognition,but its future is to be expected.In this paper, with several important period of development in the history of China translation,Analysis of the development process of translation,comb development clues of understanding the translation.

Keywords:Translation Cultural Exchange ScienceAwareness

Ⅰ translation of a long history

According to historical records and academics to speculate,The residents of Chinese nation and foreign land exchanges first appeared in the Xia Dynasty。Although the existing Xia and Shang dynasties there is no historical record of translation activities,While the Yin Ruins of the oracle bones unearthed not found the text with the translation,But we can reasonably speculate,Speaking different languages, the exchanges between peoples can only rely on interpreters to conduct.In the Zhou dynasty,the historical facts of Chinese nation and outside national exchanges has increased,But also in "Zhou Li" and "Book of Rites", there have the interpretation of China's earliest historical facts clearly recorded, has also been engaged in translation activities of the person's technical term "like Xu".It is inferred that at least in the 11th century BC there have been carried out through the exchange of multiple translations facts.This calculation, the Chinese translation has 3,000 years of history.

Ⅱ Distorted image of translation

1. Firstly, translation is a practical activity,Ubiquitous in the human cultural exchanges. But in history,Translation seldom has the world's attention;the field of translation has long been neglected by the historical profession, the theoretical circles and intellectual. In the translation practice, placed in front of the early translators was the language, is technical problems in the process of a language into another language.Translation has been understood as a purely one-sided language conversion activity.

2.Open any history book or a Chinese translation of teaching materials,we will find a rich detailed translation of the fact while the translation ideas exciting is not up. The poor and pale translation theory and translation theory useless directly contributed to the formation of translation of the client's image. The translation of client's image is that in a very long period of time translation has been the subject street children.In China, although the controversy has experienced time and time again, translation is still linked with "English language and literature," or "Foreign Linguistics and Applied Linguistics", etc. under the name of the three disciplines. Until February 2004, Shanghai International Studies University has been approved the establishment of an independent translation degree programs this situation were able to change.

Ⅲ Tortuous process of understanding and development

In Chinese translation history,Understanding of translation is limited by the level awareness the times.As time goes by, people gradually found translation's essence from its appearance.Careful review, analysis of the understanding history, sort out its rough clues of development, it should be have a certain role for today's translation studies.

1.Translation can be traced back as early as Confucius

Chinese translation can be traced back as early as Confucius.Confucius's ideas have influenced the Chinese for thousands of years, becoming the cornerstone of traditional Chinese thought. His contempt attitude of translation directly led to emphasis on creative and contempt translation in the history of Chinese translation, its impact has continued into the 20th century.

2.Translation promote cultural exchange

In the national communication process, people with language media, across the translation bridge to achieve language communication, promote exchange of information and cultural, promoting social progress and development. This is the translation of the instrumental.Instrumental translation is the translation of the primary reasons why its being.Translation tools can be said that since the origin of translation they gradually became known by people. In Chinese translation history, from early "like Xu," to the modern interpreters, without exception, reflect the nature of instrumental translation.Xia Shang Zhou period, the instrumental translation is reflected in the people rely on interpreters to achieve verbal communication, so that the Chinese nation and the people outside the exchanges between the envoys possible.

3.Translation theory of consciousness and sense of subject

Although the traditional Chinese Translation Thought general performance of for the lack of translation of disciplines awareness, lack of systematic theoretical system, translation theory of empiricism dominates.However, in the late development of traditional Chinese translation ideas,In particular, shortly after the founding of New China,Appeared dim awareness of the theory of translation studies and academic awareness, almost completed the necessary preparatory work before the establishment of the discipline,laid the foundation for the final formation and development of China's modern translation ideas,prepared the conditions for the formation of the theory of translation of the independent subject.Shortly after the founding of New China in 1951,Dong Qiusi published the text "On the translation of the theory of building",explicitly discusses the view of "A translator is a science",And to advocate for the establishment of the Chinese Translation,became the first person in China advocates the establishment of China Translation Studies.This view diametricallyopposed to the Art Nouveau who advocated "Translation is art" point of view ,have also emerged first debate 〗on science and art to send to send the in the initial founding of our country.Unfortunately,Due to historical reasons,Dong Qiusi's the establishment of the idea Chinese translation studies seems to disappear and forgotten by history completely.

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