Time and venue
時間和地點
The sailing event of the 29th Olympic Games will be held at Qingdao OlympicSailing Center from August 9-21, 2008.
第二十九屆奧運會帆船項目將于2008年8月至21日在青島國際帆船中心舉行
Sailing (Olympic sport since 1900)
帆船概述(1900年成為奧運會項目)
Sailing first became an Olympic sport in Paris in 1900, where time handicaps were used to adjudicate the race. The race format and the classes of competing boats have changed frequently since then. Olympic racing is now conducted with boats categorised into one-design classes based on similar weights and measurements.
1900年巴黎奧運會上,帆船運動成為了奧運比賽項目,并實行了讓時賽制。此后帆船運動的比賽形式和比賽級別都在不斷變化,船艇也在不斷改進。現在奧運會帆船比賽按照參賽船只的重量和尺寸,將它們劃分為多個標準級別。
Qingdao International Sailing Center
青島國際帆船中心
The Qingdao International Sailing Center for the Games of the 29th Olympiad is located on the old site of the Beihai shipyard by Qingdao's Fushan Bay in China's Shangdong Province. The Center will cover a total area of 45 hectares, two thirds of which will be utilized for the competitions.
第29屆奧運會青島國際帆船中心位于中國山東省青島市浮山灣畔,原北海船廠的廠區。總用地面積45公頃,奧帆賽賽時用地面積約30公頃。
The whole project is comprised of the Land Area and the Harbor and the Off-shore Section. The projects on land will provide the administration and competition management center, the athletes' center, the press center, the logistic and functional center and other affiliated facilities as well. The Harbor and Off-Shore parts will focus on the engineering of the major and secondary breakwater, an embankment, a quay featuring the Olympic Memorial Wall and the renovation of the shore wall.
整個工程項目包括陸域工程和水工工程兩部分,陸域工程主要包括行政與比賽管理中心、運動員公寓、運動員中心、媒體中心、后勤保障與功能中心5個建筑單體以及環境等配套工程。水工工程包括主防波堤,次防波堤,突堤碼頭,奧運紀念墻碼頭,護岸改造等水工工程。
The quay, the secondary breakwater and the embankment will enclose an area of 15.5 hectares (155,000 sq.m.) while the major bre-
akwater, together with the embankment, will occupy 7.5 hectares (75,000 sq.m.). Additional overlay and facilities will also be placed for temporary use of the Games. A removable surveying shed and a pontoon, for instance, will be set up separately on the embankment
and the western quay to facilitate observatio-
ns and transportation.
其中,奧運紀念墻碼頭、次防波堤、突堤碼頭圍合的港區面積約15.5公頃,主防波堤與突堤碼頭圍合的港池面積約7.5公頃。此外,在賽時還要增設一些臨時性的建筑及設施,以更好地滿足奧帆賽的需求,如突堤碼頭上將建臨時性的測量大棚,奧運紀念墻碼頭西側將建一個浮碼頭供觀眾停船區使用。
帆船運動起源于荷蘭。1660年荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹市長將一條名為“瑪麗”的帆船送給英國國王查理二世。1662年查理二世舉辦了英國與荷蘭之間的帆船比賽。1720年愛爾蘭成立皇家科克帆船俱樂部。1851年英國舉行環懷特島國際帆船賽。1870年美國和英國首次舉行橫渡大西洋的美洲杯帆船賽。現代帆船起始于荷蘭,1900年第2屆奧運會開始列入比賽項目。
1984年第23屆奧運會列入一個帆板項目,1992年第25屆奧運會列入男、女帆板兩個項目。從第23屆奧運會開始,帆板項目已經四易級別。在第29屆北京奧運會上,RS:X將作為新的帆板級別,分別有男子和女子兩個項目。
◆編輯:呂曉軒