摘要:西藏傳統建筑特點很多,就其分布而言,主要有兩種方式:一、河谷平原分布,二、依山而建。西藏建筑在這兩種分布方式下均呈現出自由生長的態勢,一方面與其獨特的地形地貌和人文精神有關,另一方面也直接影響著西藏傳統建筑在空間布局與立面造型上表現出靈活、不對稱特征。在現代建筑設計中我們應該借鑒西藏傳統建筑內部空間組織與外部形態特點,創造出符合藏式建筑空間神韻的建筑。
關鍵詞:西藏傳統建筑;自由生長;建筑布局;空間形態;借鑒
Abstract:There are many characters in the Tibet traditional buildings, of which the most important one in the plan is that they are almost located on the flatlands under the river valley or on the hill. Moreover, the buildings seems to develop freely all the time in the two above circumstance, resulting from the special geographic conditions and unique cultural spirits , and leading to the flexibilities andsymmetry in the organization of the spaces and outlooks of the buildings. Therefore, we should refer these unique characters in the Tibet traditional buildings to designs of the modern Tibet structures which expected to have the seminal virtues of the old ones.
Key words:Tibet traditional buildings; freely develop; the plan of the houses; the organization and exterior of the spaces; reference
中圖分類號:TU-092.8
文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1008-0422(2008)10-0092-04
1引言
西藏地區為我國青藏高原的主要部分,地形復雜,雪山環抱,狹小的河谷平原穿越其中。海拔高,空氣稀薄,太陽輻射強烈,日溫差很大。在歷史的長河中,藏族人民發展出其獨特神秘的宗教文化傳統和風俗習慣,并在不斷地摸索中創造出了一套適應地形氣候特征、反映民族風貌的獨特的建筑體系——藏式建筑。西藏傳統建筑特點很多,就其分布而言,主要有兩大特點:一、河谷平原分布,二、依山而建。西藏建筑在這兩種分布方式下均呈現出自由生長的態勢,一方面與其獨特的地形地貌和人文精神有關,另一方面也直接影響著西藏傳統建筑在空間布局與立面造型上表現出靈活、不對稱等特征。
2布局方式上呈生長之勢
2.1河谷平原分布——散落與“平鋪”
西藏按照地貌形態主要劃分為藏北高原、藏南谷地、藏東高山峽谷以及喜馬拉雅山地四大地帶。……