劉茂林
每年,高考閱卷老師要在十幾天的時(shí)間里,完成全省數(shù)十萬(wàn)份試卷的閱卷任務(wù),工作強(qiáng)度很大,身心都很疲倦。尤其是面對(duì)同一體裁、題材的英語(yǔ)作文,閱卷老師很容易產(chǎn)生審美疲勞。怎樣才能寫(xiě)出與眾不同的作文,讓閱卷老師眼前一亮呢?筆者認(rèn)為,只有通過(guò)制造“亮點(diǎn)”,才能吸引閱卷老師的眼球,大大增加獲得高分的機(jī)會(huì)。
“亮點(diǎn)”制造手法1:得體運(yùn)用高級(jí)詞匯
用詞準(zhǔn)確、得體是寫(xiě)作的前提。在這一前提下,使用恰當(dāng)?shù)母呒?jí)詞匯有助于獲得高分。俗話說(shuō)“一葉知秋”,詞匯的運(yùn)用體現(xiàn)了作者駕馭語(yǔ)言的能力。有時(shí)候,一個(gè)高級(jí)詞匯就能給文章增添不少亮色。
請(qǐng)仔細(xì)體會(huì)下列例句中的高級(jí)詞匯與普通詞匯表達(dá)效果的不同(橫線上為高級(jí)詞匯,括號(hào)里是普通詞匯)。
例1The next morning, our classmates were both surprised and overjoyed(very happy) when they saw the wall newspaper.
例2That is a challenging(difficult) job.
例3I am awfully grateful to you(should thank you) for taking so much trouble to help me.
例4He turned a deaf ear to (didnt listen to) what I said in class.
下表中的高級(jí)詞匯可供同學(xué)們參考。
除此之外,教材中還有很多高級(jí)詞匯值得關(guān)注,如access, available, annoyed, confused, convenience, considerate, essential, fascinated,get accustomed to等。
“亮點(diǎn)”制造手法2: 交替使用多種句型
一篇文章如果只使用結(jié)構(gòu)單一、長(zhǎng)度相同的單句,就會(huì)顯得平淡無(wú)奇,讀起來(lái)索然無(wú)味。要想凸顯文采,應(yīng)在正確的前提下,交替使用簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句,盡量做到句式多樣化。總的來(lái)說(shuō),除簡(jiǎn)單句外,寫(xiě)作時(shí)常用的句型如下:
(1)以形式主語(yǔ)it引導(dǎo)的有關(guān)句型。
It is / was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that(who) +...
It happened(chanced) that...
It is high time that sb. did / should do...
It is / was said(reported / believed) that...
Itis / was +時(shí)間段+ before +...
It doesnt matter...
(2) 由as,which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
(3) 由no matter what / which / when / where / who / how / whose等以及whatever / whichever / whenever / wherever / whoever / however 等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
(4) 以so long as, on condition that等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
(5) 以the moment, the minute, the instant, the hour, the day, every time, next time, last time, immediately, directly, no sooner...than, hardly...when 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
(6) 主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+ the size / length / width / height + of+被比較對(duì)象。
此外,也可以使用分詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),或使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句、倒裝句、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)等,增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)句的表現(xiàn)力,使文章跌宕起伏。……
中學(xué)生天地·高中學(xué)習(xí)版
2008年6期