談談“看報式”閱讀方法

謝正壽

中考英語閱讀理解的分量在加大，其題型也更加靈活，命題人尤其喜歡出圖文并茂題。本文擬以福州市、杭州市和溫州市的中考閱讀題為例，體驗一下“看報式”閱讀的高效率。

一、 匹配型閱讀理解

請閱讀以下對五位名人的介紹，從（A）-（E）中找到與101-105題對應的內容，將名人介紹補充完整。

小詞典： crosstalk master 相聲大師，moustache小胡子，satirize諷刺，inherit繼承，technique技術，industry工業（2007年福建省福州市）

101. Liu Xiang was born in Shanghai in July，1983. Hes a great sportsman.

102. Ma Ji was born in Beijing in 1934. He was a famous crosstalk master.

103. Yang Liwei was born in Liaoning Province. He has a happy family. He loves his wife and his son.

104. Wang Xuan was born in 1937. He gradusted from Beijing University in 1958.

105. Lu Xun was a great writer. He had deep eyes，thick moustache and short hair.

（A）

He used to be an excellent pilot with an experience of 1，350 hours flight. He is the first astronaut who flew in space in China. He has a dream that is to step on the moon. We are proud of him！

（B）

He did well in satirizing soical problems and prising heroes. He not only inherited and developed the crosstslk，but also created his own art style. He contributed a lot to Chinas crosstalk art.

（C）

He used to be dressed in a long suit. He smoked a lot while he was in deep thought. He hated the enemy，but he loved the people very deeply. He wrote a lot of novels and articles to fight against the enemy bravely.

（D）

As a boy，he entered the childrens sports school and received a lot of strict training under his coach Sun Haiping. He won the gold medal in the 110-metre hurdles at the 28th Athens Olympic Games.

（E）

He devoted all his life to his research work. The success of his technique brought about a complete change in the Chinese printing industry. He was awarded as the yearly top scientist in 2001.

【解題點撥】

這是個涉及面廣的閱讀題，其內容包含體育、科學、文學、航空和演藝。如果考生對人物了解得比較清楚，直接看備選項中的關鍵詞就可以找到答案。一看101題的圖就知道這是劉翔，他是個跨欄王。 D項中有sports，the 110-metre hurdles等關鍵詞。這樣就可以確定101應和D對應。馬季是個相聲演員，B項中的關鍵詞crosstalk可以幫助我們確定102應和B項對應。其他三個題也可以用此法進行判斷，這樣可以節省很多的時間，而且準確性也高。要想做到這一點，考生就必須全面了解中國，乃至全世界各行各業的熱點人物或事情。

二、 閱讀理解

Michael，Tim，Peter，Gina 和Sarah各自正在打算去參觀一座名塔。請仔細閱讀第51-55題中的個人情況說明和A到E五座名塔的介紹，選出符合各人要求的最佳選項。（2007年浙江省杭州市）

51. Tim，from America，is traveling around the world. His last stop is to visit a tower where he can spend the night.

52. Michael，a student of history，is ready to write a paper on old towers. He is going to visit one in Europe.

53. Gina，a teacher from Australia，likes shopping very much. She is thinking of buying different things for her students.

54. Sarah is a college student. She is on holiday in July and would like to visit the tallest tower of the five below.

55. Peter is interested in plants and animals. He is now looking for a tower where he can see fish and other water animals.

【解題點撥】

五幅圖片介紹了五座名塔的特點，只要抓住這些特點，問題就能解決了。51題中的Tim只要求在塔邊度過一個晚上，這不就暗示需要有一個旅館嗎？中國上海的“東方明珠”，有一個20個房間的旅館，是個不錯的住宿處。52題中的Michael打算去歐洲寫一篇古塔報道，從物理和歷史書上，大家都知道意大利的比薩斜塔是在歐洲，而且很古老，最適合學歷史的學生去參觀。53題中的Gina喜歡購物，只有到有“shopping center”的地方去，故答案是D。 54題中的Sarah是要去最高的塔，只要看一下塔高就能確定答案為A。 剩下一個55題的答案只有選C了。可見采用“看報式”的閱讀方法，尋找特殊性，就能很快找到最佳答案。

三、 任務型閱讀

以下圖片呈現的是Mr King一家生活中不安全用電的現象。下面有五條針對其中五種不安全用電現象的建議，請你將每一種現象的編號(A，B ... F)填入相應建議前面的括號內。（2007年浙江省溫州市）

（ ）71. Please dont put the fish bowl on the TV set.

（ ）72. Would you mind moving the baby away？He is going to play with the outlet.

（ ）73. You should not put anything on a lamp.

（ ）74. Could you please take the wire away？Dont let the dog play with the outlet.

（ ）75. Will you please not use the heater in a wet bathroom？

【解題點撥】

本題的內容貼近我們的生活，告訴我們許多安全用電的常識。71題中提到TV set，根據這一點，就知道答案該為C； 72題中有個baby，馬上就會明白答案為E； 73題中有lamp，就知道答案應為B； 74題中提到了dog，所以答案為F； 從heater一詞就可確定75題的答案為A。

從以上中考題中，我們可以知道，“看報式”閱讀是值得我們借鑒的。它可以幫助我們擴大知識面，開闊視野，也能提高閱讀效率。