新目標八年級（下）Ｕｎｉｔｓ６—７句子解密

謝　昊

1.Alison was the first one to skate, and has been skating for the whole five hours.

阿里森是第一個開始滑冰的，到現在一直滑了整整五個小時。

解讀 (1)“be the+序數詞+to do sth.”是第幾個做某事的。例如:

Im the oldest in my family, so Im the last one to take a shower.

我在家里年齡最大，所以我是最后一個淋浴。

Ellen is always the first one to come to school and the last to leave in our class.

在我們班上，伊倫總是第一個到校，最后一個離校。

Women and children were the first to get into the lifeboats.

婦女和兒童是第一批登上救生船的。

(2)whole主要用法有：

①常與定冠詞、物主代詞等連用，修飾單數名詞，意思是“全部的，所有的”。例如：

The whole country is getting ready for the 2008 Olympic Games.

整個國家都在為2008年奧運會作準備。

Thats my whole story. 這就是我的全部經歷。

②修飾復數名詞，或與不定冠詞a連用修飾單數名詞，意思是“整整的，不少于”。例如：

Weve been waiting here for the whole 3 hours.

我們在這兒等了整整三個小時。

Theyll stay at our school for a whole year.

他們將在我們學校呆上整整一年。

須注意的是：whole后面不能接專有名詞或代詞，如不能說whole France, whole it,而應說the whole of France, the whole of it;但可以說the whole United States。

比較 all也表示“全部的，所有的”，但它與whole用法不同：

①all強調個體，后常接復數名詞；whole強調整體，后常接單數名詞。例如：

The whole world is expecting new medicine for AIDS.

(=All the people in the world are expecting new medicine for AIDS.)

全世界都在企盼一種能治療艾滋病的新藥。

②all要放在定冠詞、物主代詞等前面，而whole一般要放在這些詞的后面。例如：

All the students in the school are busy with the test.

(=The whole school is busy with the test.)

整個學校都在忙于考試。

下列說法是有差別的：

all China 全中國(指各地區或全國人民)

the whole of China 整個中國(指領土)

應用 根據漢語意思完成下列句子。

①____ (整個城市) was busy killing mice.

②We stayed up for ____ (一通宵).

③Kari looked after her sick mother ____ (全心全意地).

④My brother has been out for ____ (整整三年).

⑤The machine is made in China; ____ (全身) is green.

解答

①The whole city ②a whole night ③with her whole heart ④the whole 3 years ⑤the whole of it

2.Hes been collecting kites since he was ten years old.

他從十歲開始一直收集風箏。

解讀 since的用法除本單元“詞匯積累”中所講述的外，還要注意以下幾點：

①常與現在完成時態或完成進行時態連用。例如：

Ive had so many falls since I began to learn to skate.

從我開始學滑冰以來，我摔了不少的跤。

The old man has been collecting waste bottles for recycling since last autumn. 從去年秋天開始，那老頭一直堅持收集廢瓶子供再利用。

②含since引導的時間狀語(或從句)的主句謂語動詞必須是持續性動詞。……