插入語淺析

吳長軍

插入語是對一句話作一些附加的解釋，表明說話者的態度和看法，它在句中往往起承上啟下的作用，使句子與前面說的話連接得更緊密一些。在書面表達時若能恰當地使用過渡性插入語，可以增強文章的連貫性、邏輯性、可讀性和情感性，以引起閱卷老師的注意，從而獲得可觀的印象分。為了便于同學們認識和學習插入語，下面把插入語的多種類型歸納如下：

一、現在分詞短語作插入語

1. generally(frankly, honestly) speaking一般說來；(坦率，誠實)地說

Generally speaking, boys are more interested in sports than girls. 一般說來，男孩比女孩更喜歡運動。

Honestly speaking, he isnt fit for his office. 說實話，他不稱職。

2. judging from (by) ...依……來判斷

Judging from his accent, he must be from Guangdong. 從口音上判斷，他準是廣東人。

Judging by the noise, the race must have begun. 根據鬧聲判斷，比賽一定已經開始了。

3. considering ...考慮到……；就……而論

He is strong considering his age. 就他的年齡而論，他可算得上是身體強壯。

4. talking of ...談起……

Talking of fine arts, do you have any interest in painting?說起藝術，你對繪畫有沒有興趣？

二、不定式作插入語

1. to tell (you) the truth說真的

To tell you the truth, I dont like the color at all. 說真的，我一點也不喜歡這種顏色。

2. to be sure當然；肯定；不成問題

He is young, to be sure, but very experienced. 他肯定還年輕，但已很有經驗了。

3. to be honest (frank)老實說 (坦白地說)

To be honest(frank), I dont quite agree with you. 老實說(坦白地說)，我不太同意你的意見。

4. to make things worse更糟糕的是……

To make things worse, her husband became ill. 更糟糕的是他的丈夫病了。

三、介詞短語作插入語

1. in ones opinion (eyes)在某人看來

In my opinion, this plan is not reasonable. 在我看來，這個計劃不合理。

2. by the way順便問一句

By the way, where are you going?順便問一句，你要去哪兒？

3. in other words換句話說

In other words, conditions are not yet ripe for it.換句話說，條件還沒有成熟。

4. in a word總而言之

In a word, we shouldnt stop half way.總之，我們不能半途而廢。

四、形容詞 (短語) 作插入語

1. wonderful太棒了

Wonderful, our team has won again. 太好了，我們隊又贏了。

2. true真的

True, you have done well.說真的，你干得不錯。

3. worse than all (ever) 更糟糕的是

I felt very hungry. Worse than all, I took no money．我感到很餓，更糟糕的是，我沒帶錢。

4. strange to say 說來奇怪

Strange to say, she hasnt got my letter up to now. 說來奇怪，她到現在還沒有收到我的信。

五、副詞短語作插入語

1. happily / luckily for sb.對某人來說幸運的是……

Luckily for him, his stepmother was kind to him. 對他來說幸運的是他繼母對他很好。

2. certainly 當然

Certainly, I wont accept such a foolish plan. 我當然不會采納這樣一個愚蠢的計劃。

3. indeed 的確

You speak English quite fluently, indeed. 你的英語的確講得很棒。

六、代詞短語作插入語

1. all in all總的來說

All in all, her condition was greatly improved. 總的來說，她的情況有很大的好轉。

2. all the same盡管如此；仍然

It was raining hard, but we got there in time all the same.那時下著大雨，但我們還是準時到達了那里。

3. all told 總共

His crew was reduced to twenty-four all told. 他的船員減少到總共只有二十四人。

七、短句作插入語

1. if I dare say我認為……

You shouldnt, if I dare say, do it like that. 我認為你不應該那樣做。

2. if you like如果你喜歡的話

You may, if you like, keep the book.如果你喜歡的話可以保留這本書。

3. what is more而且；況且

He learns easily, and what is more, he remembers what he has learnt. 他學得很輕松，而且學過的東西全記得。

4. whats worse更糟糕的是……

What was worse, this wine was not at all suitable for drinking with a meal. 更為糟糕的是，這種酒根本不適合進餐時飲用。

5. I believe我相信

I believe, she is a kind girl. 我相信她是一個心地善良的姑娘。

6. that is to say也就是說

He will come on National Day, that is to say, October 1st.他國慶節要來，也就是說十月一號。

八、一般疑問句作插入語

在特殊疑問句中，常用do you think(believe, imagine, guess, suppose等)這類一般疑問句結構作插入語，這時，特殊疑問句要用陳述句語序。

1. Who do you think this man is?你認為這個人是誰？

2. What do you suppose she will do?你想她會做什么？

3. How much money did he say he spent in traveling abroad?他說他在國外旅行花了多少錢？

九、用標點符號引導插入語

1. He was (strange as it seems) an excellent sportsman. 他(盡管還顯得十分離奇)是一個出色的運動員。

2. He was—to me at least, if not to you—a figure that was worth having pity on. 至少我覺得如此，即使你不是這樣認為的話，他是一個值得同情的人。