人類建筑的搖籃

一踏入陜北這片土地，仿佛靈魂突然蘇醒，不僅僅有種炎黃子孫回歸故里的感覺，更主要的是進入了人類最初的生存場景：黃土高坡那若隱若現、層層疊疊的窯洞，似乎既是現代人一種原生態生活狀態，也是遠古時期人類生活居住的一種延續與再現。

亞里士多德說，建筑是“人類抵抗風雨的遮蔽物”，這恐怕是對建筑最初也是最基本的定義。黑格爾對于建筑的起源也列舉了種種說法，有說起源于巖洞，有說起源于樹巢。果真如此的話，今天我們仍然可以看到數萬年前先人居住的影子：陜北的窯洞和非洲的茅棚。當然已經不是原來意義上的窯洞和茅棚。

當人們從天然的巖洞或樹巢里跑出來時，建筑就開始誕生了，隨著建筑的發展，人類從原始的蒙昧時期開始走向文明，由于不同的需要而產生不同類型的建筑。黃河岸邊的小程村，以及后來演變發展的姜氏莊園、馬氏莊園，只是陜北原生態窯洞建筑最具代表性的縮影。

The Cradle of Human Architecture

Photographic hand-record by Tan Jianhua

Once entering ShanBei area， soul suddenly waked up， not only feeling that the Chinese people return to home， but also coming into human initial living scene: layer up layer caves looming on the loess high slope seem to be both original life style of modern people and the continuity and reappearance of ancient people living.

Aristotle said architecture is the shelter for human beings to resist against rain and wind. It may be the initial and basic definition to construction. Hegel also gave some examples of the origin of construction， such as grotto or tree nest. If that is the case today we can still see the shadow of people living myriad years ago: like caves in ShanBei and thatch rooms in Africa. Of course not the original caves and thatch rooms.

When people ran out of the natural grotto and tree nest， architecture came into being. With the development of architecture， human beings have gone to civilization from original obscuration， different type of architecture with different demand. Small Cheng village along Yellow Rive later on changed to Jiang manor and Ma manor， but only ShanBei original caves get the best- represented epitome.