非洲茅棚

2004年4月~2007年3月，我作為一個農業技術專家，受中國政府和國際糧農組織（FAO）的派遣，到非洲的尼日利亞(Nigeria)參加‘南南合作’，執行FAO的糧食安全計劃。在工作之余拍攝了大量的當地原住民的生產生活、風土人情、原始民居等方面的照片。

2006年初，尼國農業部把我派到尼日爾州(Niger State)的拉斯可農場(Nasko Farms)工作。該農場主是尼國前農業部長。農場占地1萬多公頃，養牛場有1500多頭牛，我在牛場指導養牛。牛場放牛的工人都是佛蘭尼(Fulani)人，佛蘭尼人在非洲分布很廣，是非洲大陸的游牧民族，他們以放牧為生。圓形的草蓬屋就是他們的臨時住所，就像中國的蒙古包一樣，隨著放牧地點的轉移而修建。草蓬屋用樹枝搭成框架，外面鋪一些干草，再用樹皮像蛛網一樣把草拉得嚴嚴實實的就行了。轉場時不用把材料帶走，到了新的地方又就地取材重新搭建。

有土墻的草屋是定居屋，墻是用泥巴拌上短草慢慢糊上去，墻是圓形，屋頂架一些樹枝蓋上草就成，這些是真正的原始民居。現在修房有些用土磚坯壘墻，墻是四方型，屋頂用草蓋或者用鐵皮。

On the mission of Chinese government and FAO， I， as an agriculture expert， took part in the South-South cooperation to implement the Food Security Project of FAO in Nigeria of Africa from April 2004 to March 2007. I took a lot of pictures about local people's life， custom and house， etc， in my spare time.

In the early of 2006， I was dispatched to Nasko Farms in Niger State. The farmer of this farms was the former minister of Nigeria Agriculture Department. This farms took the land of 10，000 more hectares and there were 1500 more heads of cattle. My job was instructing how to foster the cattle. All of the cowherds there were Fulani， who was distributed in Africa widely and made a livelihood by grazing. The round thatched shed was their temporary abode， just like Chinese Mongolia tent， which was built with the shift of their grazing place. The thatched shedwas structured with branches and spread with hays on the outside and fixed with barks thicklyjust like the cobwebs. When departure， people would not take the stuff away， but used local materials to build a new thatched shed again.

The house with earth wall was resident and that wall was pasted slowly with mud and grass mixed. The wall was round and the roof was structured with branches and covered with hays. These were the real original houses. However， at present， the wall was built with adobes， and with the square type， for more， the roof was covered with hays or sheet iron.