特殊否定句十注意

英語中的否定句大多是借助not來構成的，但是有些否定句很特殊。下面談談初中學習中的幾種特殊的否定句，以幫助同學們學習并掌握這一內容。

一、當all，everybody，somebody，everyone，someone，everything，something等不定代詞做主語的肯定句改為否定句時，一般不在句子中加not，而是將all改為none；everybody，everyone改為no one；someone， somebody改為nobody；

everything，something改為nothing。例如：

1．All of them like playing football． →None of them likes playing football．

2．Everybody would like to read the novel．

→No one would like to read the novel．

3．There is something wrong with the bike．

→There is nothing wrong with the bike．

二、帶賓語從句的主從復合句中，如果主句的謂語動詞是believe，think，suppose，expect，改為否定句時，習慣上要否定主句的謂語動詞，而不否定賓語從句的謂語動詞。但譯成漢語時，仍否定賓語從句。例如：

I think he is right．

→I don’t think he is right．我認為他不對。

三、當both或both...and...做主語時，改為否定句，往往將both改為neither， both...and...改為neither...nor...。例如：

1．We both did well in the work.

→Neither of us did well in the work．

2．Both he and I are teachers．

→Neither he nor I am a teacher．

四、其中有頻率副詞always，often，usually，ever的句子改為否定句時，往往將always改為never；將often， usually改為seldom；將ever改為never。例如：

1．Tom always gets up at six o’clock．

→Tom never gets up at six o’clock．

2．She often goes home in the afternoon．

→She seldom goes home in the afternoon．

五、當句子中有almost，still，everywhere改為否定句時，往往將almost改為hardly；將still改為no longer；將everywhere改為nowhere。例如：

1．She almost knows the truth．

→She hardly knows the truth.

2．Mary is still a teacher．

→Mary is no longer a teacher.

3．We can find these flowers everywhere．

→We can find these flowers nowhere．

六、當做主語的名詞前有many，some，much修飾時，改為否定句，要將many改為few；將much改為little；將修飾可數名詞的some改為few；將修飾不可數名詞的some改為little。例如：

1．Many／Some students know that picture．

→Few students know that picture.

2．Much／Some water is in the glass．

→Little water is in the glass.

七、當句子中有“形容詞+enough + to do sth.”結構時，改為否定句，要將“形容詞+ enough + to do sth.”改為“too+原形容詞的反義詞+to do sth.”形式。例如：

Jim is old enough to go to school．

→Jim is too young to go to school．

八、當句子中有plenty of時，改為否定句，要將plenty of改為not much或little。例如：

There is plenty of rain in the area．

→There is not much rain in the area．／There is little rain in the area．

九、祈使句“Let sb. do sth.”改為否定句應為“Let sb. not do sth.”。例如：

Let him go to the cinema．

→Let him not go to the cinema．

十、將“陳述句，and so+助動詞+主語”改為否定形式，在否定陳述句的同時，還要將so改為neither或nor。例如：

I am a teacher，and so is my wife．

→I am not a teacher，and neither／nor is my wife．