摘要:質量功能展開方法和失效模式及其影響分析方法是產品可靠性分析中成熟的分析工具,借鑒這兩種方法的基本原理,提出以風險屋為基本元素的供應鏈上下游企業間協作風險分析及評估的過程框架,旨在通過改善局部的健壯性來提高供應鏈整體在協作過程中的穩定性。案例研究表明,該分析過程條理清楚,最后的風險度計算結果更精確全面,成為決策者衡量風險是否可控、制定防范措施的關鍵指標。
關鍵詞:供應鏈協作風險;風險因素;不確定性;失效模式評估
中圖分類號:F270 文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:1001-148X(2007)10-0057-05
The Assessment on the Synergic Risks Among Supply Chain Participants
HAN Mei-lin,ZHENG Jian-guo
(Glorious Sun School of Business and Management, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China)
Abstract:Quality Function Development and Failure Mode and Effects Analysis are mature tools in product reliability analysis, which can be effectively applied into the risk analysis and evaluation field. The study uses the principle of each method and proposes a process framework made up of HOR for cooperation risk analysis and evaluation among participating enterprises in supply chain in order to promote the stability of cooperation process in the whole supply chain through improving local robustness. The relerant case study shows that with clear consecution the computing result of CRN is more accurate and comprehensive as a key index for decision makers as to whether the risk is controllable with the prevention tactics.
Key words:supply chain syneryic risk;risk factor;uncertainty;failure mode evaluation
一、引言
傳統的企業競爭方式正逐漸向現代的供應鏈競爭方式轉變,但隨著供應鏈中斷事件的頻繁發生及其嚴重后果,供應鏈風險管理目前成為供應鏈研究的一個重要方向(周艷菊,2006)。
供應鏈風險是指在特定時期和環境中,供應鏈經營績效與預期的收益或管理目標之間存在差異的可能性及其導致的損失的嚴重程度(Miller,1992; George A,2003)。供應鏈風險由未來事件的不確定性產生,也可能與供應鏈自身的網絡結構、業務流程設計等確定型管理對象息息相關,如產品質量低引起的銷售風險、員工罷工引起的生產中斷風險等。無論是供應鏈外部風險還是內部風險,只要風險防范措施或業務持續性管理到位,企業或多或少能通過風險轉移減輕受損程度,但如果企業孤僻地把因產品質量、交貨延遲、網絡連接失敗等因素引起的物流、資金流、信息流等中斷視為企業不可避免的經營成本,那么這種對潛在風險因素識別和控制的忽略將致使供應鏈更加脆弱。……