ｓｏ（ｓｕｃｈ）．．．ｔｈａｔ句型結(jié)構(gòu)及轉(zhuǎn)換

8B Unit 4的語法內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)了so...that 和such...that句型，學(xué)習(xí)這兩個句型時，我們應(yīng)該注意些什么呢？

so (such)...that句型常用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。正確使用so和such是掌握so (such)...that句型的關(guān)鍵。請看so和such與其后的搭配有什么規(guī)律。

such a foolso foolish

such an old manso old a man

such beautiful flowersso many (few) flowers

such dirty water so much (little) water

不難看出，such為形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組；so為副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞。so也可以用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，但不定冠詞要放在形容詞之后。另外，so還可以與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many、much、few、little連用，形成固定搭配。現(xiàn)在我們來看一下so (such)...that句型的結(jié)構(gòu)與轉(zhuǎn)換。

一、句型結(jié)構(gòu)

1. so...that

1) so＋形容詞＋that從句。如：

He is so weak that he can’t walk any longer.

2) so＋副詞＋that從句。如：

He wrote so quickly that he finished his work in time.

3) so＋few (many)＋可數(shù)名詞＋that從句。如：

He made so many mistakes that Mr Li was angry.

4) so＋little (much)＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句。如：

We have so little money that we can’t buy a car.

5) so＋形容詞＋a (an)＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that從句。如：

He is so wise a man that we all love him.

2. such...that

1) such＋a (an)＋可數(shù)名詞＋that從句。如：

It was such a good film that we all went to see it.

2) such＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋that從句。如：

He bought such small tomatoes that his mother was unhappy.

3) such＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句。如：

They made such rapid progress that their teacher was glad.

二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1. so...that與such...that句型之間可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。如：

The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.

→He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.

→He is so young a boy that he can’t go to school.

2. 如果主、從句的主語一致，so (such)...that結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)換成so (such)...as to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

He walked so fast that he caught the early bus.

→He walked so fast as to catch the early bus.

He is such a fool that he can’t understand me.

→He is such a fool as not to understand me.

3.在so...that結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果that從句為肯定句，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成enough to do sth.形式。如：

He is so clever that he learns English well.

→He is clever enough to learn English well.

在so...that結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果主、從句的主語一致，而that從句為否定句時，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成too...to或not＋原形容詞 (副詞)的反義詞+enough+to do sth.句型，如果主、從句的主語不一致，可在不定式前加for sb.。如：

He came to school so late that he couldn’t see me.

→He came to school too late to see me.

→He came to school not early enough to see me.

The book is so expensive that we can’t buy it.

→The book is too expensive for us to buy it.

→The book is not cheap enough for us to buy it.

[現(xiàn)場演練]

同義轉(zhuǎn)換，每空限填一詞。

1. The problem was so difficult that no one worked it out.

It was ______ ______ ______ ______ that no one worked it out.

2. This is so good a pen that I must buy it.

This is ______ ______ ______ pen that I must buy it.

3. He told us such a funny story that we all laughed.

He told us ______ ______ ______ ______ that we all laughed.

4. He is so kind that he often helps us.

He is ______ ______ ______ help us.

5. The boy is so young that he can’t help his mother.

The boy is ______ young ______ help his mother.

The boy is ______ ______ ______ help his mother.

6. He was so rude that we didn’t ask him.

He was ______ rude ______ ______ ______ ask him.

He was ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ to ask him.

7. He wrote so well that he got a prize.

He wrote so well ______ ______ get a prize.

8. They like such a little dog that they often feed it.

They like such a little dog ______ ______ they often feed it.

Keys：

1. such a difficult problem 2. such a good 3. so funny a story 4. kind enough to 5. too... to; not old enough to 6. too... for us to; not kind enough for us 7. as to 8. so that