剖析完形填空 提升解題能力

完形填空題是英語(yǔ)試卷上客觀性試題的重要組成部分，旨在全面考查同學(xué)們綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力，其中包括詞匯辨析能力、閱讀和理解能力、邏輯推理和判斷能力等。近幾年的高考完形填空題基本遵循了“突出語(yǔ)篇、強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用、注重交際”的命題思路，所選短文一般是從交代背景開(kāi)始，逐步推進(jìn)，直到高潮，最后結(jié)局，環(huán)環(huán)相扣，條理清楚，具有濃厚的生活氣息。

從答題角度來(lái)說(shuō)，完形填空題一般是一段意義相對(duì)完整的短文，有自己的主題思想、組織結(jié)構(gòu)、邏輯關(guān)系和語(yǔ)言特色，所以一定要考慮清楚文章的主要線索才能順利解答。下面以2006年高考浙江卷完形填空題為例，談?wù)勍晷翁羁疹}解題技巧。

One man was to meet his wife downtown and spend some time shopping with her. He waited 1 for 15 minutes. Then he waited impatiently for 15 minutes more. After that， he became 2 . When he saw a photograph booth (照相亭) nearby， he had 3 . He wore the most unhappy expression he could manage， which was not 4 in the situation. In a few moments， he was holding four small prints that 5 even him.

He wrote his wife’s name on the back of the photos and handed them to a 6 behind the desk in the booth.

“ 7 you see a small， dark lady with brown eyes and an apologetic expression， obviously 8 someone， would you please give her this?” he said. He then 9 his office in Morrison Building， 10 that if a picture is worth a thousand words， then the four photos must be a good 11 ! He sat down with a smile.

His wife 12 those pictures. She carries them in her purse now and shows them to anyone who asks if she is married ...

How are you with 13 ? One person calls it “wait training”. It seems that there is always something we are 14 . We wait on traffic and we wait in lines. We wait to hear about a new job. We wait to complete school. We wait for someone to change his or her mind.

Patience is an important 15 of a happy and rewarding life.16 ， some things are worth waiting for. 17 presents many opportunities for wait training.

We can hate waiting，18 it or even get good at it! But one thing is 19 — we cannot avoid it. How is your 20 coming along?

1. A. proudly B. respectfully C. patiently D. curiously

2. A. angry B. hungry C. frightened D. thirsty

3. A. a question B. a reason C. an opinion D. an idea

4. A. serious B. difficult C. regular D. convenient

5. A. hurt B. encouraged C. attracted D. shocked

6. A. clerk B. secretary C. passer-by D. friend

7. A. Since B. Before C. As D. If

8. A. looking for B. working for C. sending for D. paying for

9. A. called up B. returned to C. visited D. left

10. A. worried B. disappointed C. satisfied D. surprised

11. A. description B. preparation C. excuse D. lecture

12. A. tore B. saved C. developed D. destroyed

13. A. your wife B. your family C. patience D.determination

14. A. hoping for B. waiting for C. ready for D. fit for

15. A. lesson B. experience C. purpose D. quality

16. A. For example B. After all C. Right now D. So far

17. A. Every age B. Every shop C. Every day D. Every office

18. A. accept B. control C. change D. improve

19. A. certain B. interesting C. precious D. easy

20. A. photo taking B. job hunting C. decision making D. wait training

參考答案：

1～5 CADBD6～10 ADABC

11～15 DBCBD16～20 BCAAD

1. 通覽全文，把握主題

通覽全文旨在從整體上把握全文，了解短文的主題和大意、作者的觀點(diǎn)和思路、文章的線索等信息，注意短文中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的主題詞。運(yùn)用“跳讀”或“邊讀邊猜”等閱讀技巧，可減少短文被“挖空”所帶來(lái)的理解障礙。

上面這篇例文夾敘夾議，講述一對(duì)夫妻在生活中的一件小事，從而引出“人要學(xué)會(huì)有耐心”這一主題。整篇短文圍繞patience和wait training等主題詞。如由“How are you with13（patience）? One person calls it ‘wait training’”得出 “Patience is an important 15（quality） of a happy rewarding life”的結(jié)論，最后以一句“How is your 20（wait training） coming along?”結(jié)束全文。

２. 重視首句，弄清背景

一般而言，為了使讀者了解事情發(fā)展的相關(guān)背景知識(shí)，短文的首句不設(shè)填空。針對(duì)這一點(diǎn)，做題時(shí)有必要弄懂文中具體語(yǔ)境中what， who， when， where， how等方面的具體信息。如：例文的首句 “One man was to meet his wife downtown and spend some time shopping with her”說(shuō)明了何人、何事、何地等信息，為后文 “他”的情緒發(fā)生變化提供了背景。……