談談中學英語中強調句型

在中學英語教學中，提到強調句型時，通常指的是：It be…that…這一結構（簡稱It-type強調句）。 這確實是一個非常有用的句型，在中學英語課本中也多次出現，如：

It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.

決不只是盲人才犯這樣愚蠢的錯誤。

It was the goat抯 eyes that he had seen in the darkness.

他在黑暗中看到的就是這只山羊的眼睛。

一、強調句的基本句型

it is/was +被強調部分+that +其他成分

被強調部分是人時，可用who作連詞， 強調其他任何部分用that. It-type強調句通常可用來強調句子的主語、賓語、狀語，所強調的可以是單詞、短語，也可以是從句，但結構必須完整。被強調的成分可以是主語、賓語和狀語，但不能是定語或謂語。

It is only I who am willing to go to the film.

愿意看電影的只有我。

It was in the hole that I found the gun.

在坑里我發現了那只槍。

It-type強調句的特征是：如果我們把“It be ...that...”從句中劃去，所剩的正好是一個完整的句子，實際上“It be ...that...”只不過是一個框架而已，它的各部份在句子中均不擔任成分。

例如上面第一句經過處理后就成了

No only blind men make such stupid mistakes.

Eg. 1) The Foreign Minster said，“_____ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”

A. This is B. There isC. That is D. It is(04 北京，24)

2) It was with great joy ____ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.

A. because B. which C. since D. that (04， 福建，35)

二、 特殊疑問句的強調

它的特殊疑問句，只需在一般疑問句前加上疑問句， 如：

When was it that you called me yesterday?

你昨天打電話給我是什么時候？

Why is it that smoking is not allowed here?

這為什么不允許吸煙？

Where was it that he bought the bike?

他是在什么地方買到這輛自行車的？

三、狀語從句的強調

只需把狀語從句置于被強調部分即可。如：

It was when he broke the door that he found his room robbed and something stolen.

只是在他打開門的瞬間他發現房間被劫東西被偷。

但強調狀語時，有幾個方面是必須注意的：?

1.條件，讓步狀語從句不能強調，如：?

If it rains， we won抰 hold our sports meet..

如果下雨，我們就不開運動會。

We抣l tryto finish the work in time though we are short of manpower.

雖然我們缺乏人力，我們還是要設法按時完成這項工作。

不能強調為：

It is if it rains that we won抰 hold our sports meet.

It is though we are short of manpower that we抣l try to finish the work in time.

2.It-type強調句型可強調because引導的原因狀語從句，但不可強調as， since引導的原因狀語從句，例如：

I attend the lecture not because I want to listen to him.

不是因為我愿意聽他講，我才去聽報告的。?可強調為：

It isnot because I want to listen to him that I attend the lecture.

下面這個句子則不可以強調：

Since no one is against it， we抣l adopt the proposal.

既然沒有人反對，這個議案我們就通過了。

3.It-type強調句型可強調sothat引起的目的狀語從句，但不能強調so that引起的結果狀語從句，例如：

The six blind men asked the driver to stop the beast so that they could have a look

六個盲人要求趕象人讓這頭巨獸停下來，以便他們能“看一看”。

可強調為：

It was so that they could have a look “that the six blind men asked the driver to stop the beast.

下面這個句子則不可以強調：

He didn’t t plan his time well， so that he didn’t finish the work in time.

他沒有把時間計劃好，結果沒有按時完成這項工作。

4.對由until引起的短語或從句強調，要注意否定前移，例如：

I didn’t learn it until yesterday.

直到昨天我才知道這件事。

寫成強調句型應該是：

It was not until yesterday that I learned it.

四、有時可用it might be...that.... It must have been... that ...句型表示強調，如：

It might be his father that you are thinking of.

你關心的可能是他父親。

It must have been in the troublesome country that you met him.

你一定是在戰亂紛紛的國家遇見了他。

五、其它形式的強調句型

A. Wh-type句型的強調

除了我們學過的it-type強調句型， 在中學英語課本中還多次出現”What...be...強調句），它同樣具有很濃的強調意味，例如：

What we need is more time.

我們需要更多的時間。

我們可以用對待It-type 強調句的方法，把“What.. be...”作為一個框架而劃去，所剩的也是一個完整的句子We need more time.不同的是，what 和

Wh-type強調句可用來強調主語、賓語、表語，例如：

But what surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the room.

然而，最使我奇怪的是看到村子里的一些人坐在教室后頭的長凳上。

But what he was really interested in was beautiful paintings.

但是他真正感興趣的是美麗的畫。

What I feel is hungry.

我所感到的就是餓。

wh-type強調句還可以通過使用代動詞do來強調句中的謂語動詞或作賓語補足語的非謂語動詞，例如：

What I did was (to) turn off the tap.

我所做的就是把水龍頭關了。

What I want you to do is (to) clean the room.

我要你做的就是打掃房間。

注意，這一句型中be后面作表語的不定式可以省略to，如果所強調的動詞是進行體，那么be之后用-ing形式和它相配，例如：

What I’m doing is teaching him a lesson.

我現在這樣做是為了給他一次教訓。

Wh-type強調句中的what從句，間或也作表語，例如：

This was what they had posted on the bulletin board then!

原來貼在布告牌上的就是這么回事！

This was what the black smith was reading!

鐵匠在看的原來就是這個！

Wh-type強調句的wh-從句，有時可能是以who， where或when引起的，它們通常只用作表語，例如：

The headmaster was who I meant.

我指的就是校長。

Here is where the accident took place.

這兒就是事故發生的地方。

(On)Saturday is when the housewives are busiest.

星期六是家庭主婦們最忙的日子。

B. 謂語動詞的強調

以上兩種句型不能強調謂語動詞， 如果需要強調謂語時，用助動詞do did或does。如：Do come this evening.

He did write to you last week.

To does study hard now.