信息技術與初中英語教學進行整合的有效形式主要有如下三種:
1、平臺式:這種形式是以多媒體演示平臺為主媒介質,網絡為次媒介質,將初中英語的知識結構、情景生活、信息反饋融入多媒體課件等信息載體,并結合優質的教案、學案和教法、學法而進行的課堂教學形式。
2、網絡式:是以網絡為主媒介質,以多媒體演示平臺為次媒介質進行的課堂教學形式。
3、資源式:是以網絡為媒介質,將初中英語的知識結構、情景生活、信息反饋、在線評價體系融入網絡資源信息庫等信息載體。
這三種形式具有相對獨立性,同時又是相輔相成、相互補充、相互滲透、相互促進的關系。要充分發揮三者各自的作用,并注重相互間的整合,才能有效地促成信息技術對初中英語教學的輔助作用。
在理論研究的指導下,我們著重對三種有效整合形式進行了實驗,努力使其達到科學、和諧、統一、高效。
平臺式:這里最常見的整合形式。下面以JEFC Book 1Alesson49的課堂教學實例來說明。
StepⅠ Revision(3分鐘)
上課伊始,先由兩個學生表演對話。在對話中,他們運用上節課所學的內容,并在理解的基礎上進行創新。接著,屏幕上出現對話中的句型:
Make sentences,using the expressions in the dialogue.
What's this/that?What colour is it?
What are these/those?What colour are they?
T:Can't we make sentences with the expressions we've learned in the dialogue?
學生根據大屏幕上的提示,在教師的引導下積極思考,迅速組詞造句,在實踐中學習和掌握語言技能。
StepⅡPresentation(2分鐘)
教師通過快速切換圖片,創設近乎真實的情景,從而引出該課詞語和部分課文內容。
kite→a red kite
flower→a yellow flower
blue→a blue car
cat→a black cat
bird→a white bird
apple→a green apple
What's this/that in English?What colour is it?
T:Look!This is a picture.It's very good.Do you like it?But what colour is it?Do you know?
S:Yes.
T:What...
...
StepⅢ Reading(27分鐘)
1)Reading for vocabulary
Look at the pictures,ask and answer in pairs,then colour them quickly and fill in the blanks with the right words.
在運用這些詞語時,教師稍加引導,他們便能區分:an orange,an orange orange,an orange is orange等詞(組)的用法。
2)Video watching
(T:Do you want to know something more about colours?Let's watch the videl to know more about it.)
在觀看電影錄像之前,教師向學生提出三個問題,讓學生帶著問題進入情景。
①What colour the two carw?
②Where is the red car?
③What colour are the hills?
3)Practise
Task1.Show some pictures.Discuss the following questions in pairs with colours.
①What colour is the sky?
②What colour are the birds?
③Are the two birds colorful?
④Is the old man'hair grey?
⑤What colour are the ballons?
⑥How many colours?
⑦Do you like colours?
此時,學生的思維被激活,他們在小組討論中踴躍表達自己的觀點。
教師待學生初步理解并掌握關于顏色單詞后,再組織全班進行梳理應用。例如:
Task2.Talk about the colours you see.
What?What colour?What do you think? Where?
Task3.Take notes.
學生回答出各種自己喜愛的顏色后,發現一些新詞匯,教師在大屏幕上逐一閃現出其中的關鍵詞,并繼續引導學生深入討論,并將學生回答的要點顯示出來。如下表所示:
(這里僅列舉筆者針對不同層次的學生所設計的部分問題。)
①What colour is the grape?
②What are the colours of flowers?
③What colour is your sweater?
Task4.Reading.
①Is Lucy's sweater nice?
②How many clolurs are there?
③Can you count?What are they?
④Whatcolour is your sweater?
⑤What colour are your parents'sweaters?
⑥Do you like one like that?
⑦What colour is your teacher's sweater?How do you know that?
然后,教師提出一個發散性問題以引發學生更深層次的思考:Since colours are so bueatiful,if you were artists,how would you like to do with colurs?
這個問題立刻得到學生的回應。他們提了一些大膽、有趣的想法。教師應對學生的回答給予充分的肯定和鼓勵。
StepⅣ.Consolidation(7分鐘)
在此步驟中,教師可以設計兩種類型的理解檢測題:一類是針對會話中“似是而非”或深層次問題的理解;另一類是針對某些具體詞語的設置的問題。
引導學生對文中深層次的理解有時需要教師對信息層次、人物關系、故事情節、作者或人物思想情感等方面提出引導性的問題,幫助學生完全對信息群的歸類,加深學生對知識的理解,提高其分析問題的能力。
Step Ⅴ.Discussion(6分鐘)
檢測后,教師可以提出三個問題供學生討論:
①Do you know any famous artists?
②Can you draw a picture with colours?
③Do you like your picture?Why?
課例中,教師依托信息平臺,把處理后的教學素材所涉及到的知識結構、情景生活、信息反饋等,對學生進行了導向和傳授,達到了提高課堂教學效果的目的。
網絡式:這種整合形式難度較大,以Make our world more beautiful課例說明之:
StepⅠ.Presentation(3分鐘)
教師了解學生課前預習狀況,為英語語言情景和教學目標導入做好鋪墊。
1.Show the flash,review the words.
2.Aims.
T:Now boys and girls,I'd like to show you some pictures.Please watch carefully,describe them and tell us how you feel.
師生進入網絡學習。
StepⅡ.practice(38分鐘)
風上,學生獨立翻閱老師課前制作的多媒體課件學習(課件略)??焖匍喿x課文內容,(到網絡資源庫查找生詞),反復閱讀,深入理解文章內容。很快有的學生利用新詞匯在網上寫出句子。
S1:This is a park.In the morning,there are all kinds of flowers.Birds are singing.Some people are having sports.
S2:In forests,there are a lot of different trees,beautiful and tall.Monkeys are jumping up and down,birds are singing.They are enjoying themselves.
S3:I think in our city,the water is clean and blue,There are colourful clouds in the sky.There are many coconut trees and many boats.Some people are swimming in the sea.How I wish I could live here!
S4:That's a wonderful and quite evening.In the sky there are many bright stars.The moon is round,like a plate shining brightly.The air is clean and tidy.
S5:Every people would like to protect our environments.
學生認真閱讀,紛紛模仿造句,相互交流提意見。
發現并明確本課的知識點:①詞性轉換:harm→harmful,collect→collection,product→production等;②常用短語:cut down,it's...to do sth,If...sb/sth.will do sth.
有的學生發現Rubbish,litter,waste近義詞難以理解,開始在網上翻閱查找;有的認識到If...條件句型比較難理解,又與同學進行網絡交流,逐步歸納其中的規律。
①If it is fine tomorrow,we will go to the park.
②If you throw litter onto the ground,our classroom will be dirty.
③If we keep it clean,our school will be more and more beautiful.
④ If...
學生得到感悟,積極用其他動詞短語(如等)組句。有的學生還把從資料庫里搜集來的各種圖片呈現出來,有的把自己的認識表達出來。
S1:I feel very sad for our environment..
S2:The pollution has made us sick.
S3:It is not good for our gealth.
S4:The river is dirty.We can't swim in it.
S5:The factory is pouring waste water into the river every day.We can't drink clean water.
S6:People throw rubbish everywhere.The streets in our city are not clenan.
S7:...
StepⅢ.Appraisements(4分鐘)
I think I...
師生談自己本次在網上所學知識,并相互進行評價。
資源式:這是一種形式上最簡單但操作難度最大的整合形式,實驗中,我們課題組將任務型教學和研究性學習結合起來,組織學生在網上進行自主構建嘗試。如學習\"What's your favourite sport?\"和\"Shopping\",教師將F(What's yout favourite sport?)-w(What do you want?)-E(What do people eat?)-L(What do people like?)表交給學生,讓學生根據表中的內容要求,到網絡資源庫查詢,通過感知、體驗、實踐、參與和合作等方式,不僅實現了任務的目標,感受成功,而且研究潛能也得到較大的發展。
責任編輯楊博