兩岸鳥兒鏡中飛

看看這里一幅幅美麗的鳥類圖片，它們是在躍動飛翔的瞬間被清晰定格的；而海峽兩岸的鳥兒一起向我們飛來，它們同時被定格在圖片中，這是不是更難得呢？

今年4月春意盎然時，海峽兩岸鳥類攝影聯(lián)展在杭州浙江自然博物館開幕，兩天的研討會和隨后4天到江西婺源的野外拍攝活動，把兩岸攝友集合在一起，讓大家浸沉在同胞情誼的無限歡樂中！

野生鳥類攝影，表現(xiàn)不同鳥種的自然狀態(tài)及生態(tài)行為的攝影，臺灣開始在30年前，大陸的業(yè)余鳥類攝影群體誕生卻只有幾年時間。浙江省野生動植物保護協(xié)會野鳥分會（浙江野鳥會）首創(chuàng)這次兩岸鳥類攝影聯(lián)展和研討交流活動，目的之一就是要把臺灣的優(yōu)秀作品和拍攝經(jīng)驗介紹到大陸。

9位臺灣知名攝影師很快寄來了自己的精彩作品參展，并有多位資深攝友前來杭州演講，用幻燈、DVD等向來自全國各地的大陸朋友展示他們的作品，講述鳥類攝影經(jīng)驗與故事。更是在江西婺源的日子，大家互通有無，互報“鳥情”，切磋器材使用心得，顯得非常融洽和歡樂。

來自臺南的陳加盛先生，是一位“用生命熱愛拍鳥”有20余年鳥類攝影經(jīng)驗的奇人，他經(jīng)歷了無數(shù)野外艱辛，不僅有大量優(yōu)秀的鳥類攝影作品問世，還作了很多拍攝筆記，目前正準備出版自己攝影并撰文的《臺灣鳥類圖志》。

這幅《黑長尾雉》得來真不容易。陳先生介紹：黑長尾雉是臺灣特有的雉科鳥類，生活在高山森林中，有“迷霧中的王者”稱號，加上雉科鳥類特有的機警，一有動靜它當即溜得無影無蹤，所以拍攝難度相當高，這幅黑長尾雉圖，他是經(jīng)過苦心經(jīng)營才拍到的，更難得的是雌雄同時入鏡，真不簡單！

陳加盛的另一幅參展作品《育雛》也是苦心經(jīng)營的成果。拍攝時盡量不打擾野生鳥類的生活，是很多鳥類攝影者共守的原則。《育雛》中黑紅兩色的鳥叫朱鸝，攝于臺灣屏東。陳加盛在找到朱鸝的巢后，因為枝葉濃密無法拍攝，他便開始注意幼鳥離巢的時間，結(jié)果在幼鳥離巢后的第二天，他突然看見一只幼鳥棲息在荔枝樹上，陽光透過枝葉照射過來，拍攝角度極好，他終于拍到雄鳥育雛的畫面。

來自臺中的孫清松先生在杭州的演講中，詳細介紹了他如何使用遙控技術拍攝鳥類，以達到近距離拍攝的效果。這得靠仔細觀察鳥兒的習性，確定相機擺放的位置，其中辛苦與用心可想而知。

臺南的范兆雄先生用了另一種接近鳥兒的方法，他說：“要讓鳥兒覺得我拍它。”他反復在飛翔的燕子前面蹲下去，讓燕子感覺這個人是沒有威脅的，于是放心地向他飛來，最終他拍到了“鳥兒向我飛”的精致畫面。范先生給自己的圖片命名《洋燕向著我飛，呢喃就在耳邊》，充滿激情與柔情。

王徵吉先生是臺灣有名的“黑琵先生”，他追尋黑臉琵鷺18年，歷盡風雨和險情。黑臉琵鷺屬全球瀕危物種，它是東亞地區(qū)特有的鳥類，每年有接近全球總數(shù)1/2的黑臉琵鷺會到臺南越冬。王徵吉拍攝到許多的黑臉琵鷺，就是希望更多的人認識“黑面舞者”的風采。王徵吉的攝影和攝像作品，彌補了每年二三十萬游客到臺灣看黑臉琵鷺但無法近距離看到它的遺憾。

而讓臺灣朋友興奮的是，大陸的鳥類攝影雖然起步晚，但參展的很多作品都非常出色，技術上意境上都堪稱一流，有著“曠達”、“俊雅”的境界，這讓臺灣鳥類攝影者很為高興。

在大陸鳥類拍攝者所拍的圖片中，有一張為兩只銀鷗同一姿勢并排飛翔，背景有隱約的漁船。范兆雄先生很是稱贊作者“用心”，但他不知作者朱英舉起相機對準鳥兒才一年多呢！

兩只同科鳥兒出現(xiàn)在同一畫面，這樣的機會只有經(jīng)歷過野外攝影的人才知道有多么難得，而一實一虛，一遠一近，一大一小，抓拍這樣的畫面實際不易！這張圖片的攝影者文立兵，拍鳥的時間不長，但碩果頗豐。

一只綠翅短腳鵯勾著脖子在水龍頭上飲水；一群反嘴鷸在漁船附近翻飛舞動；在一間民房的墻洞里，一只大杜鵑的幼鳥銜來蟲子喂食它的“養(yǎng)母”赭紅尾鴝……這些圖片表現(xiàn)出鳥兒與人類的和諧相處的情景，臺灣朋友很欣賞大陸作者的眼光。

在江西婺源，臺灣朋友拍攝到許多臺灣少見的鳥種而非常興奮。婺源的明星鳥種——白腿小隼，黑白兩色的搭配十分滑稽可愛，被臺灣朋友譽為“熊貓鳥”；鴛鴦在臺灣很難見到，現(xiàn)今婺源是全國最大的鴛鴦越冬地，其中為數(shù)不少的鴛鴦還常年留在婺源，這讓臺灣朋友飽了眼福。臺灣的藍鵲黑頭頂、藍肚皮，而大陸的藍鵲頭頂有白色，肚皮也泛著白色，但它們都有長長尾羽、紅紅大嘴，“親戚”就是這樣相像……

談起與臺灣朋友鳥類攝影者的接觸，大陸攝友很感慨：年紀已經(jīng)70多歲的幾位臺灣老先生，背著幾十公斤的器材奔走鄉(xiāng)間追尋美麗鳥兒，特別是陳加盛先生曾為拍鳥而墜崖重傷，現(xiàn)在跛著腳仍然扛著沉重的相機、腳架去野外，這種精神已經(jīng)不是“愛好”所能解釋。

Bird Photographers Meet in Hangzhou

By Zhong Jia

In April 2006， the Zhejiang Natural Museum became the venue of a bird photographers’ conference. The participants were bird lovers from Taiwan Province and their counterparts on the mainland. The event comprised a two-day seminar in Hangzhou and a four-day field trip in Wuyuan in neighboring Jiangxi Province where bird lovers photographed birds in their habitat.

Photographing birds in wilderness is divided roughly into two categories. One is to capture moments of birds in nature and the other is to take a close look at the life habits of birds. Bird photography in Taiwan dates back to 30 years ago while individual bird photographers on the mainland got to organize themselves into groups only a few years ago. The wild bird branch of Zhejiang wild life protection association sponsored this event for the purpose of introducing the photographic works and experiences by master photographers in Taiwan to the mainland bird photographers.

Nine experienced photographers in Taiwan sent their works to the conference and a few experienced Taiwan photographers gave lectures at the two-day seminar， presenting slide shows and DVD shows to their mainland counterparts.

Chen Jiasheng from southern Taiwan has been photographing birds for more than 20 years. Two photos by Chen were on display at the museum. The first was Taiwan long-tailed pheasants. Native in Taiwan and dubbed by some bird lovers as king of the foggy world， this bird lives in forest in high mountains. The highly sensitive bird is hard to catch on the camera， but Chen waited for a long while before he was able to photograph a male and a female at the same time. Chen’s second photograph about a baby Marron Oriole well embodies a principle strictly observed by bird photographers: never disturb a bird’s life. Chen discovered a Marron Oriole nest in Pingdong， Taiwan. As the thick foliage blocked the camera， he was unable to get close enough to the nest for a shot. So he noted down the time the baby Marron Orioles left the nest. With the knowledge of their comings and goings， he later spotted a baby Marron Oriole perching on a lychee tree away from the nest. The angle was perfect and the sunshine fell down through the tree leaves providing a perfect source of light. The rest is history.

Sun Qingsong from central Taiwan talked about his remote control photograph techniques in his lecture. Fan Zhaoxiong from southern Taiwan talked about his methodology: he made birds feel that he was no threat and then these birds allowed him to photograph them. Wang Huiji is well known in Taiwan for his photographs of the black-faced spoonbill. He has pursued the species for 18 years. An endangered species， nearly half of the existing black-faced spoonbill population indigenous to East Asia winter in the southern part of the island. About 300，000 tourists come to this part of the island every winter to see the black-faced spoonbill. However， most of them can only watch the bird from afar. Wang’s photographs give them a chance to see what the bird looks like at close hand.

Bird photographers on the mainland may be new comers in the field and their cameras need yet to catch rare birds at rarer moments， but their photographs are equally excellent. One interesting point that fascinated their Taiwan counterparts is the philosophy behind the bird photographs: mainland photographers endeavor to portray the harmonious relations between man and birds. Vividly portrayed in their works on display at the event， for example， were a mountain bulbul drinking from a water tap， a batch of pied avocets dancing in the air near a fishing boat， a baby Eurasian cuckoo is feeding its stepmother black redstart in a small hole on the wall of a residential house.

The four-day field study in Wuyuan excited some friends from Taiwan. The pied falconet is a bird that makes the Wuyuan people proud. A species rarely seen in Taiwan， it is dubbed as panda bird by some bird lovers in Taiwan. Wuyuan turns out to be the largest wintering habitat for mandarin ducks in China. Some ducks just stay put there all the year around. The photographers also found a difference between red-billed blue magpies seen in Taiwan and on the mainland. The species in the island shows a black spot on the head and its belly is blue while its counterpart on the mainland displays a white spot on the top of the head and its belly is also somewhat white.

(Translated by David)