中圖分類號:TN929.52-34 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1004-373X(2025)16-0001-06
Research on temperature compensation method of high precision current sensor
WU Xu1,2 ,HUANG Haihong1,DOU Sheng2,WANG Linsen2,PENG Lan1 (1.School of Electrical Engineering,Hefei Universityof Technology,Hefei23ooo9,China; 2.InstituteofPlasmaPhysics,HefeiInstitutesofPhysicalScience,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Hefei3o31,China)
Abstract:The magneticfieldsensing element used in Hallcurentsensors isasemiconductordevice,and theresistivity, mobility,andcarierconcentrationofsemiconductormaterialsaretemperature-dependent.Ileadstovariationsinparameters suchasHallvoltage,sensitivitycoefiient,ndinteralresistancewithtemperature,therebyaffctingthemeasurementauracy ofthesensor.Inordertosolvethisproblem,theparaleltemperaturecompensationmethodisusedtofullycompensatethelow ordertermsoftemperaturechanges,butintroduceerorsintheigordertermsoftemperaturechanges,hichisaincomplete compensationandnot suitableforworkingenvironmentswithlargetemperaturechanges.Basedontheabovecompensation method,afeedback temperaturecompensationapproachisproposed,whichmultipliesthecompensatedoutputvoltagewiththe temperaturecompensationoutputsignal,andthensumstheproductwiththeoutputsignaloftheHalllementtofurtheriprove thetemperatuecharacteristicsoftheHallelementandenhancetheadaptabilityof theHallcurrntsensortotheenvironmnt. Thesimulationandexperimentalresultsshowthatthefeedback temperaturecompensationmethodcaneliminatetheimpactof temperaturevariationsonHall elementparameters,therebyimproving themeasurementacuracyoftheHallcurrentsensorand controlling the sensor's accuracy within 0.4%
Keywords:Hall curentsensor;;Hall element;;parallel temperature compensation method;feedback temperature compensation method; measurement accuracy; complete compensation; summation circuit
0 引言
霍爾電流傳感器是基于霍爾效應進行電流檢測的一種傳感器,其中的霍爾元件屬于一種半導體器件,其靈敏度會隨著溫度的變化而產生漂移,影響霍爾電流傳感器的電流檢測精度及溫度穩定性[1-3]。通常采用溫度補償法來消除霍爾傳感器的溫漂問題,現有的溫度補償方法主要有硬件補償法和軟件補償法兩大類。硬件補償法分為輸人端補償法和輸出端補償法。其中輸入端補償法是通過傳感器的供電輸人端產生與霍爾電流傳感器溫漂反相的驅動信號來消除溫漂[4-5],具體有以恒壓源形式的供電輸入端補償、以恒流源形式的供電輸入端補償、利用三極管進行驅動電流補償等方法。輸出端補償法則是采用溫度傳感器或溫度敏感元件感知環境溫度,產生與霍爾電流傳感器同相或反相變化的輸出信號,通過與霍爾電流傳感器的輸出信號進行運算來消除溫漂。
硬件補償法中并聯式溫度補償法、恒流源輸入端補償法都是常見的溫度補償方法,但在計算參數時均忽略了溫度變化的高階項 (T-T0)2 ,屬于不完全的溫度補償方法[@。而軟件補償法,如利用二維回歸分析法進行數值處理來實現補償9],這類方法需要借助處理器來完成,會額外增加系統復雜度[1]。
1磁傳感器的溫度特性
霍爾元件可用不同的半導體材料制作,如Ge、Si、InSb 、GaAs、InAs等。半導體材料都存在一定的溫漂系數,根據受溫度影響程度不同,各材料應用的場合也不同?!?br>