摘要:基于2021—2023年茫崖市空氣質量日監測數據與同期常規氣象觀測資料,對茫崖市空氣質量狀況及其影響因素進行系統分析。結果表明:研究期間,茫崖市環境空氣質量指數(Air Quality Index,AQI)平均值為76.5,達到國家空氣質量二級標準(良等級);季節變化特征顯著,其中,春季受大風和沙塵天氣頻發影響,空氣質量顯著下降,污染物濃度達到全年峰值;從污染物濃度來看,臭氧(O3)是影響當地空氣質量的首要污染物,從污染物構成來看,PM10占污染日數比例最大。
關鍵詞:空氣[A1] 質量 首要污染物 氣象條件[A2]
Analysis of Air Quality Characteristics and Meteorological Conditions in Mangya City
ZHAO Xiaohong1" "CAI Qi1*" "TAN Xin1" "YUAN Shilong2 YANG Qi’nan3
1.Haixi Prefecture Meteorological Bureau, Qinghai Province, Delingha, Qinghai Province, 817000 China; 2. Tianjun County Meteorological Bureau, Haixi Prefecture, Qinghai Province, 817200 China; 3. Delingha Meteorological Bureau, Haixi Prefecture, Qinghai Province, 817000 China
Abstract: Based on the daily monitoring data of air quality in Mangya City from 2021 to 2023 and the routine meteorological observations in the same period, the air quality condition and its influencing factors in Mangya City were systematically analyzed. The results showed that: during the study period, the average value of ambient air quality index (Air Quality Index, AQI) in Mangya City was 76.5, which met the national air quality standard of Grade 2 (good grade); seasonal variations were characterized significantly, among which, in spring, affected by the frequency of windy and sandy dusty weather, the air quality declined significantly, and pollutant concentrations reached the peak of the whole year; in terms of the concentration of pollutants, ozone ( O3) is the primary pollutant affecting local air quality, and PM10 accounts for the largest proportion of polluted days in terms of pollutant composition.
Key Words: Air quality; Primary pollutant; Meteorological conditions
[ 3] [A4]
空氣質量是人類賴以生存和發展的重要資源。保護空氣質量對于居民的健康和生活質量來說至關重要。空氣質量差、污染物濃度高的環境會給人們的健康帶來嚴重影響,容易引發呼吸系統疾病、心血管疾病等,甚至危及生命。保護空氣質量能夠創造一個清潔、健康的生活環境,提高居民的生活質量。如今,隨著經濟的快速發展和城市化進程的推進,茫崖市空氣質量環境面臨嚴峻的挑戰。茫崖市為中國石油采油重點區域,6—9月為油田生產單位黃金生產期,井下作業、鉆井作業及相關附屬服務產業較為集中,大型排放設備使用率高;由于夏季溫度高,造成各油田生產單位落地油流動性強,與砂土混合度提高,污染面積擴大,導致污油泥數量相較于冬季有明顯增加,從而加大了油泥砂處理廠的工作負擔,增加了處理廠的排放,導致污染物的濃度增加。因此,空氣質量的分析尤為重要。……