Building Clusters on Bund

Zong Ming

Zong Ming isa Docr Lawandsenior political engineer.She iscurrently .

T heBund stretchesmore than 1，000 meters along bank River，and houses dozens hisric buildings displaying variousarchitectural styles，including verandas，neoclassical，GothicRevival，ArtDeco and many or styles.Being richestcollectionmodern architecturein China，itisavivid miniature modern architectural hisry and is reputed as “City Parlour\".

Theexisting architectural landscape along Bund is called Bund Phase Ill，which mainly ok shapein 1920s. Tracesvivid Chineseelements arealsoembodiedamong leaden-grey stretches Westernstyled architectural complex.In April2015， Bund was listed by Ministry Housing and Urban-Rural Development and StateAdministration Cultural Heritage in firstbatch 30 Chinese Hisrical and Cultural Blocks.It is only block selected in .

TheBund bearswitness emergence 45-km waterfront publicspace along River and modern skyscrapers Lujiazui on opposite bank，which arehorizontalandvertical continuations century-old architectural legend.Nowadays， Bund has become a welldeservedcultural landmark . Reading sries se old buildings，you come understand hisry Bund and vast heritage this dynamic city.

Builtin1916，AsiaticPetroleum Co.Building is located at No.1on Bund.Originallynamed McBain Building，it was bought by Asiatic Petroleum Co.in 1917 andrenamed AsiaticPetroleum

Building. Its neo-classical style is complemented by Baroque decorations.Itseastandsouth facades，connectedbyaconcave wall， look exactly same.They are both divided in three parts， and decorated with granite.The botm two floors constitute pedestal.At each two entrances stand two lonic-styled columns，upon which laya Baroque arched lintel.From third fifth floor is middle part， and connecting piece its flankshasthree arched windows. The upper part includes sixth andseventh floors.In middle aretwo sets lonic dual columns linking two floors. On each floor lies a curved balcony with iron bars. Each lintel window at two flanks onsixth floorisdecorated with a triangular broken pediment. On ro former Asiatic Petroleum Co.Buildingare erected four turretsand a big terrace. Today building isused as Jiushi InternationalArtsCenterandor enterprises.

Located at No.2 on Bund， Club，also known as BritishClub，Wasestablished in1864.The werwe see now wasbuiltin 1911.Itis second generation Club.With a reinforced concrete structure，it isina British neo-classical style with Baroque decoration.The twin-wer structure on ro isinfluenced by Baroqueart，while itsdome isaffectedby lndian architecture.Eight pairs Tuscan dual columns linking two floors standinhall.Acurvedcorridor lieswardshallbetween columns，and ceiling hallisanarch-shaped piece glass.The barin south ground floor has a 110-foot-long teakbar counter，arareexample thiskindinworld.After1949， itwasusedas Wholesale Station，andafter1956started beusedas International Seamen'sClub.In1971，itwas renovatedbestate-owned Dongfeng Hotel.In 2009，it was renovatedagainforWaldorf Asria Hotel.

Locatedat No.12 on Bund， HSBC Building was completed in 1923.In centre its ground floorliesaporchwiththree semicircular arches，witha pair bronze lionson itsleftand right siderespectively.The original bronze lions have been moved andaredisplayed in Hisry Museum.The lionsnow on siteare replicas.From second fourthfloor，reis acorridorwithCorinthian Order columns which penetrate three floors in middle.At p is a three-srey dome imitating Basilica St Peter'sin Rome.An octagonal hall liesatmain entrance with mosaic paintings showing classical charactersand sriesonspandrels，drumsand domes.These paintings are highlyartisticvalue.TheHSBC Building is reputed be“most spectacularbuilding Suez Canal Bering Strait\"for its prominent location，majesticsize andexquisitedesign.It once was seat Government building after1955 and now iswhere Pudong Development Bank has been located since 1996.

Located at No.13 on Bund， Cusm House was built in 1925. It has two sections： The east wing faces Bund，whilewest wingextends Middle Sichuan .Theeastfacadefeatures three partswith firsttwo floors asitsbase.Exteriorwallsaremade rough snes.At entrance， porch issupported by typical Doric columns，and bronze door isclassical.In middleare standardfloorswith fine-carved granite finisheswhich emphasize vertical lines.Aboveseventh floor，tall corniceswithdentilsstick out.Atetrahedralclockwerisin typical Art Deco style with a corner pavilionatitspand varied pillars.Incentre hall on ground floor stands a cast bronze lamp holder.Beaming light illuminates octagonal caisson ceilingand colourful mosaic maritime patterns.Theclockat p Cusm House is largest and earliest cusm clock in China.It was also largest its kind in Asia at that time.Today buildingisusedas Cusm House.

Located at No.19 on Bund， Palace Hotel isa six-srey buildingwithabrick-concrete structureandrectangularshape inplaneview.ltwasbuiltin1906 and designed in a Queen Anne Renaissance style.Its ground floor isentirelyconstructed in granite and exterior walls upper sriesfeatureredandwhite bricks.The south facade originally hada cast-iron side corridor Art Nouveau style，which no longer exists.The first hanging garden in once lied on ro.On east wing building，one Baroque wer pavilion sod in north and anorin south. The two featured different styles and were destroyed by a fire in 1912.The current wer pavilions were rebuilt in 1998.The building is equipped with first manned elevar in . Its hallon ground floorisdecorated with teak.Thereare exquisite wood carvingson dado rails，pillars， staircasesandhandrails.Theeast section is a 3oo-seat restaurant. Todayitissouthwing Fairmont Peace Hotel.

Located at No.20 on Bund， Sassoon House was completed in 1929.The layout building was designed following roads with an“A\"shape in plane view.It was built in Art Deco style with a steel framework.Thefacadesare mainly composed vertical-line designs，and entablatures and base mouldings are decorated with geometric figures.The wer ro isa square-based pyramid which is more than 10 meters high and covered with dark green corrugated copper plates.At p wer also stands an obelisk-shaped lantern and now spire is gone.Indoor marble grounds，walls in mosaics patterns， and design railings，ceilings and lamps are also in Art Deco style. On ground floor，re are two arcades.There isan octagonal hall at meeting-point in middle.Thereare famous suites with nine different country styles in former Sassoon House.The building marks end retro formand start modern style in hisry modern architecture in .It was most luxurious high-rise on Bund，and was known as“ first building in Far .\"The Sassoon House was renamed Peace Hotel after 1956.

The Bank China Building is locatedat No.23 on Bund. Built19351944，it combines Art Deco styleand traditional Chinese architectural features.Lookingat this Westernstyled skyscraperwith Chinese elements，people cannot help but marvel at chemistry between Chinese and Western culture. Exteriorwallsare decorated with granite，while facades highlight vertical-line designs and geometrical decorations.Both sides p are step-shaped.At p wer lies a gentle pyramid ro made copper green glazed tiles.The entablatures are decorated with sne brackets， both sides which are equipped with hollow-out lattice windows. Over gate re was once a sne carving showing Confucius travelling around country. The railing patterns and window lattices also follow traditional Chinese style.There are nine steps outside building.Its two gates are decorated with copper patterns.Colonnadesand counters decoratedwithmarblestandin business hall and ceiling iscoveredbyarched glass.Itis onlyearlymodern high-risewith Chinese characteristicsamong building clusters on Bund. Today，itisusedasBank China Branch.

The former Jardine Mason Building is located at No.27on Bund.It is rectangular shaped in plane view. It started as a five-srey building，and an extra floor was added in 1930s and anor in 1983.The building has areinforced concrete structure and is in European classical renaissance style.The building facadesare divided in three parts p botm.Exterior walls firstand second floors feature rough-hewn granite and facade has serial arcades with connecting doorsand windows inside.From third fifth floor， exterior walls are built with fine granite and re are five colonnades in middle east facade and four in north.They allhave Corinthian columns.There were originally sne dolphin statues around p flagpole， but y were removed due addition sries.Now upper two additional floors adopt a sne-like facing layer.The ro has two-meter-high sne walls and a flagpole iserected in middle.The Jardine Mason Building is an early example using sne exterior walls in .Today，it is used as House Rooseveltand or enterprises.

Located at No.29 on Bund， Banque de L'lndo-Chine

Building Was built 1912 1914.Featuring French classical style with Baroque decoration， itsfacadesaredivided inthree parts and meticulous in layout. Thedoorsandwindows on ground floorare in tall-arch style witha pair Tuscan columns at entranceand Baroque circinate broken pediments on door frames. In middle secondand third floorare loniccolumns linking two floors.Windows on second floor have column and arch decorations，among which middle oneis in Palladian style and with exquisite feson carvings.The interior isdecorated withmarbles.Doublerowslonic columns standin business hall witha glass vaultat p.These werecommon patterns for banks at that time.Itisa very exquisite building among buildingson Bund.Now it isused as China's Everbright Bank Branch.

Theis locatedat20North Suzhou andwasestablished in 1934. Facing south， building is an X-shaped doublealuminiumand steel frame structure，combining art-decostylewithmodern American high-risestyle.The facadeistallinmiddleand has setbacks layer upon layer on both flanks.All cornices at p aredecorated with continuous geometricpatterns.Exteriorwalls arecoveredwithbrowntileswhich form patterns in windows. The building used be residence for British businessmen in fora short period time.After1951，itwasrenamed Hotel .