關鍵詞:蘋果蠹蛾;成蟲;梨樹;性誘捕器;樹體高度;武威市
中圖分類號:S436.612 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:2097-2172(2025)06-0584-05
doi:10.3969/j.issn.2097-2172.2025.06.016
Study on the Distribution of Adult Cydia pomonella at Different TreeHeightsin PearOrchardsofWuwei
LI Ping, JINGLiangliang, SU Junping,YANG Xianyue (Wuwei Agricultural TechnologyExtension Centre,WuweiGansu 733oOo,China)
Abstract:TheCydia pomonell was introduced to Wuwei in2Oo7,and itsoccurrnce area expanded year byyear,osinga seriousthreattothesafetyofpearandapleproductioninWuweiThisstudyinvestigatedandstudiedthedistributioncharacteristics ofadult C .pomonellatdiffrentheightsofpeartreecanopies in Wuwei,inorder toprovidescientificbasisforitsmonitoringand controlintheHexiCoridor.TheexperimentwasconductedinapearorchardinLiangzhouDistrict,WuweiCity,GansuProvince. FromApril toSeptember2O23,sexualperomonetrapswerehungatheightsof1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,and3.0metersabovethegound onpeartrestomonitoradultinsects.Regularvisualsurveyswereconductedtocomparethediferencesinthenumberofadult mothscaptured,andtheregresionrelationshipbetwenthedistributionofinsectnumbersandtreeheightwasanalyzedResults showedtatmid-Maywasthepeakoccurrnceperiodforoverwinteringgeneration,thenumberofadultsincreasedwithtreeheight, and trap placement at heights above 2.0m was optimal.
Key Words: Cydia pomonella; Adult insect; Pear tree; Sexual pheromone trap; Tree height; Wuwei City
蘋果蠹蛾(Cydiapomonella)屬于鱗翅目卷蛾科昆蟲,是世界林果業生產中重要的蛀果害蟲類型之一,也是全國農業植物檢疫性有害生物和外來入侵生物物種之一,對水果種植業造成巨大的經濟損失[1-2]。蘋果蠹蛾的環境適應力和繁殖力較強,主要危害蘋果、梨等薔薇科植物[3-4]。其幼蟲具有鉆蛀果核藏身、取食果仁危害的特性,并且易產生抗藥性,防治困難[5-6]。幼蟲咬食果實造成的傷口遇到適宜的溫濕條件容易感染細菌等病原微生物,加劇了田間果實腐爛病的發生和流行風險,生產危害大。蘋果蠹蛾2007年首次傳入甘肅省武威市民勤縣,隨后發生面積逐年擴大[7]。武威市地處河西走廊東端,自然地理地貌條件特殊復雜,梨、蘋果是武威市傳統特色產業之一。蘋果蠹蛾的發生為害對武威市乃至河西走廊以東地區蘋果、梨等果業生產安全構成直接威脅,武威是阻截蘋果蠹蛾向東自然傳播擴散的最后地理屏障[8-9]。
目前,國內外普遍關注蘋果蠹蛾的研究熱點主要集中在其生物學特性、發生為害規律以及綜合防控關鍵技術集成應用示范「10-14],而蘋果蠹蛾監測預警技術集成、寄主作物不同高度蘋果蠹蛾分布規律等方面的研究報道相對較少。阻截和防控蘋果蠹蛾疫情傳播擴散的途徑主要包括清潔田園、人工套袋阻止蘋果蠹蛾幼蟲蛀果為害等農業防治技術[15],應用性……