23份紫花首蓿材料萌發期的耐鹽性綜合評價

doi：10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.07.020

引用格式：，等.23份紫花苜蓿材料萌發期的耐鹽性綜合評價[J].草地學報，2025，33（7）：2249—2261 ZENG Yi，YUAN Jia-miao，YANG Jing，et al.Comprehensive Evaluation of Salt Toleranceof 23 Alfalfa Materials during Seeds Germination Stage[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica，2O25，33（7） ：2249-2261

中圖分類號：S332.6 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1007-0435（2025）07-2249-13

Comprehensive Evaluation of Salt Tolerance of 23 Alfalfa Materials during Seeds Germination Stage

ZENG Yi，YUAN Jia-miao，YANG Jing，WANG Yu-xiang （KeyLaboratoadoudostucatDsetgieboat ResourcesandEcoogofXinjangCollgeofrassandIdustryXinjangAgriculturalUnversity，Urumi，Xijang83oina）

Abstract：To explore salt tolerance of alfalfa during seeds germination period，18 alfalfa（Medicago satiua L.） germplasm resources and 5cultivated varieties were used to study the effects of NaClsolution with diferent conductivity（Electrical，EC）values on seeds germination rate，germination potentialand germination index during sed germination period.The salt resistance of the test materials was evaluated by principal component analyses and membership function.The results showed that the germination response ofdiferent alfalfa materials showed differenttrends，and the performance of the indexeswas quite different.The23 materials were evaluvated comprehensively by using salt tolerance coeficient and comprehensive evaluation D value and systematic cluster analysis.Based on D value，the 23 materials could be divided into 5categories：ClassIwith 4 materials with D value of O.76O，category 8 materials with D value of 0.67O，category 6 materials with D value of 0.536，category 4 materials with a D value of O.43O.Class Vwith only1 material with D value of O.241.Among the 23 materials tested，A1Z 003，A1Z O16，A1Z 005，etc.；A1Z 001，A1Z 006，A1Z 015，etc. Through principal component and correlation analysis，germination rate，germination potential and germination index can be selected as the main indicators of salt tolerance during seeds germination period.This study can provide a theo retical reference for the breeding of saline-alkali tolerant alfalfa varieties.

Keywords：Germination;Salt stress;Conductivity;Membership function

土壤鹽漬化是危害生態環境發展的全球性問題，同時也是中國生態環境與農業生產長期平穩發展需要處理的主要問題，嚴重影響區域農業的可持續發展[1-3]。隨著全球人口的不斷增長和城市化步伐的加速，對蔬菜、水果以及糧食的需求日益增加，這無疑增加了對耕地資源的依賴和壓力。生態環境面臨的挑戰也日益嚴峻，特別是土壤鹽堿化的問題正在逐漸加劇[4-5]。新疆作為中國鹽堿地較為集中的區域之一，其土壤鹽堿化問題日益嚴重6，且受到了多種因素的影響，如地形、氣候、水土特性以及人類活動等。鹽脅迫是一種廣泛存在的非生物脅迫，它對植物的生長和發育有著顯著的負面影響。這種脅迫是通過滲透和離子毒害對植物進行生長抑制、發育障礙、種子萌發受阻等迫害[。因此，耐鹽植物的深入挖掘及耐鹽品種的選育和評價，是未來鹽堿土地農業規模化和產業形式生產的重要基石。

紫花苜蓿（MedicagosatiuaL.）是多年生豆科牧草，因其蛋白含量高、抗逆性強、分布廣泛等特點被譽為\"牧草之王\"[8-9]，因具有產量高、營養價值豐富、適口性好是發展畜牧養殖業的優質飼料，因此在畜牧業發展中發揮重要作用[10]。紫花苜蓿不僅在低溫[11]、干旱[12]等脅迫下均具有很強的抗逆性，還具有一定的耐鹽堿性，故其在世界范圍內廣泛分布。在我國，紫花苜蓿主要分布在華北、東北及西北等地區[13]，這些地區的土壤鹽堿化問題較為嚴重，通過種植紫花苜蓿，不僅可以提供高質量的飼料資源，還可以有效改善土壤環境，促進農業的可持續發展。……