規范集束化護理對泌尿外科患者排尿及尿潴留的影響

Effect of Standardized Clustered Nursing on Urination and Urinary Retention in Urological Patients

YANG Shuting (DepartmentofGeneral Surgery，Yunnan ProvinceNewKunhuaHospital)

Abstract:Objective:To explore the effect of standardized clustered nursing on urinationand urinary retention in urological patients.Methods: A total of 74 patients who underwent urological surgery in Yunnan Province New Kunhua Hospital from April 2023 to November 2023 wererandomlydivided into thecontrol group and the study group，with 37 cases in each group.The study group implemented standardized clustered nursing mode，and the control group took routine nursing.The urination status，pain status and patient satisfaction after catheter extraction were compared between the two groups.Results: After catheter removal， the proportion of spontaneous urination in the study group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05) ， and the proportion of urine retention in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05) ).The pain degree of the study group was lower than that of the control group （20號 (P<0.05) ，and the satisfaction degree of the study group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05) .Conclusion: The appication of standardized clustered nursing in the nursing work of patients with urology surgery can improve the proportionofpatients with spontaneous urination，reducetheoccurenceofurinaryretention，andcontribute tothe recovery of urinary system.Meanwhile，it can reduce the pain of patients and improve patient satisfaction.

Keywords: standardized clustered nursing; urology; urination; urinary retention

0 引言

段為手術治療。進行泌尿外科手術的患者基本需要留置尿管。留置尿管屬于侵人性操作，在操作及留置過程中，會不同程度地刺激尿道內豐富的交感神經及副交感神經。而尿道對異物的刺激及切割疼痛

泌尿外科涉及的疾病主要包括泌尿道結石、泌尿道腫瘤及前列腺增生等。解決此類疾病的常用手尤為敏感，患者將會出現一系列尿路刺激癥狀，包括尿頻、尿潴留、尿痛、無法自主排尿等，嚴重影響患者的生理功能恢復[1。嚴重時，甚至出現與尿管留置相關的尿路感染、膀胱攣縮、尿道狹窄等，嚴重威脅患者的生命安全，影響患者的生活質量[2]。因此，預防尿潴留、疼痛、感染等并發癥對于泌尿外科手術患者的術后恢復具有重要意義。本文旨在研究規范集束化護理在泌尿外科患者排尿及尿潴留中的應用效果。

1 資料和方法

1.1臨床資料

選取云南新昆華醫院2023年4月至2023年11月期間泌尿外科進行手術的74例患者，隨機分為研究組和對照組，各37例。對照組，男性22例，女性15例，平均年齡！ (47.33±8.26 ）歲；研究組，男性21例，女性16例，平均年齡！ (46.92±8.72) 歲。兩組患者的基礎資料對比（ P>0.05 ），具備可比性。參與該研究的護士共計26名，年齡22\\~45歲，平均年齡 (32.49±4.23) 歲，在實施研究期間，護士無人員變動。

納入標準：（1）留置尿管；（2）尿管留置時間2～15d ；（3）意識清醒，可正常進行溝通；（4)患者或家屬知情同意并簽署知情同意書。

排除標準：（1）病情不穩者；（2）有精神疾病及認知功能障礙者。

1.2護理措施

對照組采用常規護理方式，包括監測生命體征、遵醫囑用藥、健康宣教等[3]。……