聯(lián)合Kano模型與眼動(dòng)測(cè)定的車載虛擬儀表可識(shí)別性設(shè)計(jì)與評(píng)價(jià)

中圖分類號(hào)：U463.7 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號(hào)：1006-0316（2025）06-0023-08

doi ：10.3969/j.issn.1006-0316.2025.06.004

Recognizability Design and Evaluation of In-Vehicle Virtual Instrument Based on Kano Model and Eye-Tracking Measurement

WANG Kaiming， WANG Zihao， ZUO Hongliang， XI Le（School of Art amp; Design， Henan University of Science and Technology，Luoyang ， China）

Abstract ： In viewof the recognizabilityof in-vehiclevirtual instruments，different automotiveinstrument interfaces areinvestigated，and four different instrument interface layouts are summarized.Eye-tracking measurement and Kano model areemployed to evaluate the recognizabilityof diffrent types of instrument interface schemes.The Kano model is used to construct the questionnaire to compare and analyze different design atributes according to users’actual experience，so as to understand users’preference for the design elements of the automotive instrument interface.Eye-tracking measurement is adopted to trace the visual atention ofdifferentiated interface elementdesign，and Theeye-tracking dataand Kanoevaluation resultsare jointlyanalyzed to compensate for the difference inuser preference measured by the experiment，which reflects the influence of interface elements of the automotive virtual instrument on drivers.Based on the findings， optimization of the design and recommendations are put forward. The results show that the combination of subjectiveand objective research methods can be applied to product verification and evaluation in the development process of in-vehicle virtual instruments，providing insights into the recognition efficiency of interface elements.This method can be used for the recognizability evaluation of instrument interface design. Key words ：virtual instruments interactive interface ;Kano mode ieye-tracking measurement ；recognizability

隨著汽車智能化時(shí)代的到來，車輛信息化交互界面是當(dāng)前設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)的重點(diǎn)。車載信息系統(tǒng)（In-vehicle Information System，IVES）目前的熱門應(yīng)用在交通領(lǐng)域，交通工具駕駛艙內(nèi)部的人機(jī)交互界面由物理按鍵及物理儀表盤，逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向集成化的數(shù)字顯示界面[1]。儀表盤是汽車人機(jī)交互的重要界面，與行駛安全息息相關(guān)。視覺對(duì)于駕駛是最重要的感官，超過 90% 的行駛信息通過視覺通道傳遞給駕駛員[2]。可視化界面是信息系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的重要組成部分，其布局、文本和圖形決定了用戶進(jìn)行相關(guān)功能操作的效率[3]?？勺R(shí)別性是可用性原則之一，在虛擬儀表中起到關(guān)鍵作用。當(dāng)前虛擬儀表界面主要是平板顯示，提高用戶界面上的可識(shí)別性，通過使信息和界面功能可見并易于訪問是儀表界面優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的第一步。因此，探索如何應(yīng)用科學(xué)手段對(duì)車載虛擬儀表的界面元素進(jìn)行可識(shí)別設(shè)計(jì)與評(píng)價(jià)，對(duì)于改善汽車虛擬儀表的界面布局和提升駕駛員的認(rèn)讀效率十分重要。

目前，國(guó)內(nèi)外汽車儀表盤設(shè)計(jì)研究主要集中于交互界面、造型設(shè)計(jì)、結(jié)構(gòu)技術(shù)等方面[4]。隨著數(shù)字汽車儀表的出現(xiàn)，汽車儀表界面更加網(wǎng)絡(luò)化、智能化，功能更加強(qiáng)大，線束連接更加簡(jiǎn)單，更人性化地滿足了駕駛需求[5]。尋求和確定汽車儀表產(chǎn)品的發(fā)展方向，研制開發(fā)新一代汽車儀表產(chǎn)品，有利于迅速提高汽車儀表產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)能力和生產(chǎn)制造水平[6]。在以往針對(duì)儀表界面的研究中，以主觀評(píng)價(jià)為主，聯(lián)合客觀數(shù)據(jù)與主觀評(píng)價(jià)的研究相對(duì)較少?！?br>