中圖分類號】 R651 【文獻標志碼】 B 【文章編號】1672-7770(2025)03-0348-
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of developmental epileptic encephalopathy type 94 caused by CHD2 gene mutation.MethodsPeripheral blood wasdrawn from patient and theirparents,and whole-exon detection was performed to identify gene mutation sites and types.ResultsThe patient1 gene mutation site was c. 5068Cgt;T(p. R1690X),which was a nonsense mutation. The patient 2 gene mutation site was c.3787delG(p. Vall263fsTer21),whichwasaframeshiftmutation.Botharedenovo mutation.Theclinical manifestationsof seizures were atonicseizures,absenceseizures,atonic-myoclonic-absence seizures.Patients had moderateintelectual disability.Seizures could notbe controlld by medication,andno significant changes in MRI. ConclusionsThis study reports two patients with developmentalepileptic encephalopathyassociated with a mutation in the CHD2 gene, andreport that patients has gene mutations atalocus that increases the gene database.In adition,the mechanismof causedbyCHD2 geneisstillunclearand needs furtherresearch.
Key words: CHD2 gene;epileptic encephalopathy;gene mutation
1997年,Woodage和他的同事詳細描述了CHD2基因[1]。CHD2基因(OMIM 602119)是位于15q26.1。它包含39 個外顯子[2]。CHD2基因編碼的CHD2 蛋白是染色體結構域解旋酶DNA 結合(chromodomain helicase DNA-binding,CHD)蛋白家族的一員[2-3]。CHD2 參與了基因激活和抑制、DNA重組和修復、細胞周期調控、發育和細胞分化等過程[4]。因此,這些蛋白的失調與各種人類發育障礙有關,如孤獨癥譜系障礙,智力障礙和癲癇[3]。CHD2 基因突變可導致發育性癲癇性腦病94 型(OMIM:615369)[3]。國內外報道的例數不多。中國人癲癇確診病例中分析CHD2基因突變的患病率為 2.8% [5]。本文報告了清華大學玉泉醫院收治的2例CHD2基因突變患者,分析其腦電圖、基因、影像及臨床特點。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料
1.1.1患者1患兒男性,就診時3歲11個月。10個月齡起病,表現為下肢無力,發軟,跌倒發作,每天數次。給予德巴金治療,未見療效。1歲1個月發作形式轉變為發呆,每周數次。加服拉莫三嗪治療,未見療效。3歲5個月齡發作形式轉變為身體節律性抖動幾下,雙眼瞼眨動,伴隨發呆,身體逐漸往下,每天發作20余次。加服左乙拉西坦治療未見明顯療效。發作與熱敏感無關。患者發病前運動發育落后,不會坐。就診時會跑跳,但跑不穩,不會單腿跳。對自已名字有反應,其余問題無法回答。家族中無類似患者。1.1.2患者2患兒男性,就診時4歲8個月。3歲出現雙眼上翻,數秒即過,100多次/天,口服德巴金控制1周,之后再次發作。加服托吡酯2周未發作。后再發作,表現為快速點頭、雙眼上翻,眨眼,數秒即過,少時2~3次/周,多時2~3次/天。3歲半時開始生酮飲食治療,治療5個月無效,轉為普通飲食。……