Research on Safety Risk Analysis and Countermeasure Strategies of Food and Medicine Homologous Foods
JIANG Jinhao (JiangzhongDietary TherapyTechnologyCo.,Ltd., Jiujiang332020,China)
Abstract: In order to ensure consumer health and promote the healthy development of the food and medicine homologous food industry,this paper deeply analyzes the safety risks existing in theraw materials,procesing process,packaging and storage,and consumer consumption of food and medicine homologous fods.The analysis shows that problems such as pesticide residues, non-standard processing techniques,improper selection of packaging materials,and incorrect consumption methods are the main sources of risks.It is recommended to start from aspects such as source control,standardizing processing,rational packaging,optimizing storage and transportation,and strengthening consumer education to effectively addresssafety risks and ensure the quality and safety of food and medicine homologous foods.
Keywords: food and medicine homologous; food safety risks; quality control; consumer education
隨著公眾健康意識提升,藥食同源食品的市場需求日益增長,產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大。然而,近年來,藥食同源食品安全問題頻發(fā),如原材料農(nóng)藥殘留、加工過程違規(guī)添加等,嚴(yán)重威脅消費(fèi)者健康,也制約了行業(yè)的良性發(fā)展。在此背景下,深入剖析藥食同源食品的安全風(fēng)險,并提出切實可行的應(yīng)對策略,對于保障消費(fèi)者權(quán)益、促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。
1藥食同源食品的安全風(fēng)險
1.1 原材料風(fēng)險
藥食同源食品的原材料風(fēng)險主要源于其天然屬性與生產(chǎn)鏈的復(fù)雜性。 ① 藥用植物的種植環(huán)節(jié)存在安全隱患,部分農(nóng)戶為追求產(chǎn)量過度使用農(nóng)藥或化肥,導(dǎo)致藥材中農(nóng)藥殘留及重金屬超標(biāo),直接威脅后續(xù)產(chǎn)品的安全性[]。 ② 野生藥材的非法采集問題突出,由于缺乏規(guī)范管理,濫采濫挖不僅破壞生態(tài)平衡,還可能導(dǎo)致藥材中混入有毒植物或異物,如誤采形態(tài)相似的毒性物種。 ③ 原料的真?zhèn)位祀s現(xiàn)象普遍,市場上存在以低價藥材冒充高價藥材的亂象,如普通黨參替代道地黨參,其有效成分含量差異直接影響產(chǎn)品功效與安全性。 ④ 部分藥材在生長過程中可能受環(huán)境污染影響,如工業(yè)廢水灌溉或土壤污染,導(dǎo)致原料中累積有害物質(zhì)。這些風(fēng)險因素疊加,使得藥食同源食品從源頭上便存在成分不可控、質(zhì)量參差不齊的潛在威脅。
1.2 加工過程風(fēng)險
藥食同源食品的加工是安全風(fēng)險的高發(fā)環(huán)節(jié)。傳統(tǒng)炮制工藝依賴經(jīng)驗操作,缺乏統(tǒng)一標(biāo)準(zhǔn),如藥材清洗不徹底可能導(dǎo)致微生物污染,或干燥溫度不當(dāng)引發(fā)有效成分流失[。……