Abstract:Feroptosis isanew typeofcell death characterized by lipid peroxidationand reactiveoxygen species (ROS)accumulation.A large number of studies show that ferroptosis plays an important role in the occurrence and developmentof various tumors.Itiscurrentlybelievedthat targeting feroptosiscan inhibittumor growthandincrease the sensitivityof various tumors toradiotherapyand chemotherapy.refore,inducing ferroptosis expands tumor treatment strategies.Gliomaisthe mostcommon brain tumorinadults.Surgicalresectioncombined with postoperative adjuvantradiotherapyand chemotherapyisthe standard treatment strategyHowever,thetherapeuticeffectis poor.In recent years,researchonferoptosis hasfoundthatitregulates gliomaradiotherapysensitivitybyinhibiting glutathione synthesisand promoting lipid peroxidation.Activating ferroptosis may becomeanew target for drugs,which may help improvethe prognosis of glioma patients.Thisarticlereviews the latestresearch progressand potential mechanismsof feroptosis inglioma,andsystematicallydiscuses theapplicationprospectsof targetingferroptosis toimprove patient survival,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for exploring new strategies for glioma treatment.
Key words:glioma;ferroptosis;radiotherapy;chemosensitivity
膠質瘤占中樞神經系統惡性腫瘤的 81% ,是最常見、侵襲性最強的原發性腦腫瘤[1]。目前手術切除聯合術后輔助放化療是膠質瘤的標準治療策略。然而,因手術難以完全切除腫瘤組織以及血腦屏障(blood-brainbarrier,BBB)所致腦內抗腫瘤藥物有效濃度低下,高級別膠質瘤的預后較差、復發率高,特別是膠質母細胞瘤(glioblastoma,GBM)的中位生存期僅為15個月[2]。替莫唑胺(temozolomide,TMZ)聯合放療作為膠質瘤術后主要的輔助治療策略,其療效有待進一步提高[3]。活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)是調節腫瘤發生和腫瘤進展的重要活性分子,ROS積累到細胞毒性水平時其可以產生抗腫瘤作用[4]。研究表明,鐵死亡在抗惡性侵襲性腫瘤耐藥機制中發揮重要作用[5]。大量研究顯示,靶向鐵死亡可抑制腫瘤生長并增加多種腫瘤對放射治療及化療的敏感性?,F就誘導鐵死亡抑制膠質瘤生長的研究進展及其調控膠質瘤放化療敏感性的作用機制與關鍵靶點作一綜述。
1鐵死亡與膠質瘤的發生、發展
鐵死亡是一種特殊的程序性細胞死亡方式。細胞內鐵超載、脂質過氧化以及半胱氨酸/谷胱甘肽(Cys/GSH)、胱氨酸/谷氨酸逆向轉運體(cystine/glutamate antiporter system,system
)和谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶4(glutathioneperoxidase4,GPX4)的失活是鐵死亡發生、發展的關鍵環節[6]。鐵離子通過與血管內皮細胞轉鐵蛋白受體(transferrin-R,TFR)結合轉運到腦組織,通常以三價鐵的形式進入腦細胞,是神經元DNA合成、氧化磷酸化、神經遞質生成和氧運輸等中樞細胞代謝過程中必不可少的因子。然后被金屬還原酶STEAP3還原成二價鐵,細胞內蓄積的二價鐵會產生能促使含多不飽和脂肪酸磷脂(PUFA-PL)過氧化反應的芬頓反應(Fenton反應)生成 ROS, 。……