







【摘要】為了解決智能車輛在軌跡跟蹤過程中存在模型參數不確定、建模誤差及外界干擾導致的跟蹤精度及行駛穩定性變差的問題,本文提出了一種基于橫縱向雙預瞄PID補償的智能車輛運動控制方法。首先,基于路徑跟蹤誤差模型建立了線性二次型調節器(Linear Quadratic Regulator, LQR)橫向運動控制器,以預瞄點橫向偏差為輸入量,通過橫向預瞄PID控制器實現轉角補償;其次,基于不依賴模型的模糊理論設計了縱向運動控制器實現車速跟蹤,以預瞄點的縱向偏差為輸入量,通過建立預瞄PID控制器進行車速補償;最后,通過勻加速雙移線工況對該方法進行了仿真驗證。仿真結果表明,基于橫縱向雙預瞄PID補償的智能車輛運動控制器在高速、大曲率的雙移線工況具備更高的跟蹤精度和行駛穩定性。
關鍵詞:智能車輛;運動控制;預瞄PID;轉角補償;車速補償
中圖分類號:U463.6" "文獻標志碼:A" DOI: 10.19822/j.cnki.1671-6329.20250042
Intelligent Vehicle Motion Control Based on Horizontal and Longitudinal Dual Presight PID Compensation
Wang Hong, Zha Yunfei, Deng Jianxian, Hu Anqi, Huang Xun
(Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350118)
【Abstract】 To address the issues of poor tracking accuracy and driving stability caused by uncertain model parameters, modeling errors, and external disturbances, this paper proposes a motion control method for intelligent vehicles based on horizontal and longitudinal dual preview PID compensation. Firstly, an LQR(Linear Quadratic Regulator lateral motion controller is established using a path tracking error model to address angle compensation. This is achieved through a lateral previewing PID controller, utilizing the lateral deviation of the preview point as input. Secondly, a longitudinal motion controller is designed based on model-independent fuzzy theory to track vehicle speed. A previewing PID controller is established to compensate for vehicle speed using the longitudinal deviation of the preview point as input. Finally, the proposed method is validated through simulation under with uniform accelerated double lane shift. Simulation results demonstrate that the intelligent vehicle motion controller based on horizontal and longitudinal dual preview PID compensation achieves higher tracking accuracy and driving stability under conditions of high speed and large curvature during double lane shifts.
Key words: Intelligent vehicles, Motion control, Preview PID, Angle compensation, Speed compensation
0 引言
智能汽車通過環境感知、路徑規劃、決策和控制技術實現智能駕駛,是智能交通系統的關鍵組成部分[1]。其發展目標包括解決日益嚴重的交通安全問題、減輕駕駛員負擔、減少交通擁堵并最大限度地提高道路利用率[2]。其中,車輛運動控制作為智能駕駛汽車的關鍵技術之一,得到了學術界和工業界的廣泛關注與深入研究[3]。
智能車輛運動控制通過設計橫、縱向控制器實現對目標軌跡的精確跟蹤,其算法的性能直接影響行駛安全性與舒適性[4]。現有軌跡跟蹤算法可分為無模型與……