鐵心飽和對正交繞組平面感應(yīng)電機電磁耦合特性的影響研究

摘要：針對正交繞組平面感應(yīng)電機中初級鐵心飽和造成的兩個維度電磁力下降、波動加劇等電磁耦合效應(yīng)問題，通過三維電磁場仿真計算模型，對比了兩套繞組單獨與同時通電時，初級鐵心磁通密度的大小和分布規(guī)律。將安培環(huán)路定理分別與電磁場數(shù)值計算、磁導(dǎo)率迭代計算相結(jié)合，得到計算飽和效應(yīng)修正系數(shù)的半解析法和解析法方法。采用兩種方法得到兩套繞組的通電電流和轉(zhuǎn)差頻率對電機各維度電磁耦合效應(yīng)的影響。開展樣機堵轉(zhuǎn)試驗，對所提方法進行驗證。研究結(jié)果表明：兩個維度上的繞組電流越大、轉(zhuǎn)差頻率越低，得到的飽和效應(yīng)修正系數(shù)越小，電磁耦合效應(yīng)越強；一個維度上的電磁力會隨著另一維度繞組通電電流的增大而減小，而電磁力的波動則會隨之增大；與試驗數(shù)據(jù)相比，半解析法和解析法計算得到的電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩最大誤差分別為4.78%、8.56%，驗證了所提計算方法的正確性。該研究可為正交繞組平面感應(yīng)電機的初步設(shè)計提供理論指導(dǎo)。

關(guān)鍵詞：正交繞組平面感應(yīng)電機；電磁耦合；鐵心飽和

中圖分類號：TM346 文獻標志碼：A

DOI：10.7652/xjtuxb202504011 文章編號：0253-987X（2025）04-0118-10

Influence of Core Saturation on the Electromagnetic Coupling Characteristics of Orthogonal Winding Planar Induction Motors

YANG Fan， OUYANG Bin， ZHAI Xiaofei， LI Xinhang

（National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Electromagnetic Energy，

Naval University of Engineering， Wuhan 430000， China）

Abstract：In response to the electromagnetic coupling effects， such as the decrease in electromagnetic force in two dimensions and intensified fluctuations， caused by primary core saturation in orthogonal winding planar induction motors， this research initially compares the magnitude and distribution patterns of primary core magnetic flux density when two sets of windings are separately and simultaneously energized through a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation model. Subsequently， a semi-analytical method and an analytical method for calculating the saturation effect correction coefficient are obtained by combining Ampere’s law with numerical electromagnetic field calculations and iterative calculations of permeability. These methods are then used to assess the impact of energizing currents and slip frequencies of the two winding sets on the electromagnetic coupling effects in the motor. Finally， a locked rotor test is conducted on a prototype to validate the proposed methods. The research findings indicate that as the winding currents increase and the slip frequency decreases in both dimensions， the saturation effect correction coefficient diminishes， leading to a stronger electromagnetic coupling effect. In one dimension， electromagnetic force decreases with the increase in energizing current of the winding in the other dimension， while the fluctuation of electromagnetic force increases correspondingly. Compared to experimental data， the maximum errors in electromagnetic torque calculated using the semi-analytical and analytical methods are 4.78% and 8.56%， respectively， validating the accuracy of the proposed calculation methods. This research provides theoretical guidance for the initial design of orthogonal winding planar induction motors.

Keywords：orthogonal winding planar induction motor; electromagnetic coupling; core saturation

正交繞組平面感應(yīng)電機（OWPIM）是一種特殊的多自由度感應(yīng)電機，可對運動負載實現(xiàn)二維平面內(nèi)的驅(qū)動定位。由于其具備集成度高、空間體積小、運動靈活和容易精確控制等優(yōu)點，因此在機床加工、機械手臂等需要進行多維度驅(qū)動控制的領(lǐng)域中，有著重要的研究意義與發(fā)展前景^［1-7］。

文獻［8-9］最早對正交繞組平面感應(yīng)電機的結(jié)構(gòu)形式及工作原理進行了說明，圖1給出了正交繞組平面感應(yīng)電機的結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖。……