PET/MgCO₃/PEG日間被動輻射制冷膜的制備與性能

摘 要： 為了探究3D打印工藝對日間被動輻射制冷（Passive daytime radiative cooling，PDRC）材料性能的影響，以聚對苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）為聚合物基質、碳酸鎂（MgCO₃）為紅外發射填料、聚乙二醇（PEG）為致孔劑，制備了PET/MgCO₃/PEG（PMP）膜；并采用SEM、UV-VIS-NIR、FTIR等手段對PMP膜的形貌結構、光譜特性、PDRC性能、力學性能及自清潔性能進行了表征。結果表明：在PET中加入MgCO₃和PEG形成了微納米級多孔結構，使材料在紫外可見近紅外波段的平均反射率從11.84%提高到86.17%，中紅外波段的發射率從88.66%提高到92.66%；與對照組相比，PMP膜實現了測試箱內約17.00℃的降溫；PMP膜斷裂強度為6 MPa，斷裂伸長率為35%，水接觸角為82.14°，戶外暴露3個月后在紫外可見近紅外波段的反射率僅下降約2%。該研究可為PDRC材料的制備方法提供理論依據。

關鍵詞：日間被動輻射制冷；3D打印；碳酸鎂；聚乙二醇；多孔結構膜

中圖分類號：TS102.52

文獻標志碼：A

文章編號：1673-3851 （2025） 03-0157-09

引文格式：李晶晶，杜雷雷，李仁宏. PET/MgCO₃/PEG日間被動輻射制冷膜的制備與性能［J］. 浙江理工大學學報（自然科學），2025，53（2）：157-165.

Reference Format： LI Jingjing，DU Leilei，LI Renhong. Preparation and properties of a PET/MgCO₃/PEG film for passive daytime radiative cooling［J］. Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University，2025，53（2）：157-165.

Preparation and properties of a PET/MgCO₃/PEG film for passive daytime radiative cooling

LI Jingjing， DU Leilei， LI Renhong

（School of Materials Science amp; Engineering， Zhejiang Sci-Tech University， Hangzhou 310018， China）

Abstract：To investigate the influence of 3D printing technology on the performance of daytime passive radiative cooling （PDRC） materials， the paper prepared a PET/MgCO₃/PEG （PMP） film using polyethylene terephthalate （PET） as the polymer matrix， magnesium carbonate （MgCO₃） as the filler for infrared emission， and polyethylene glycol （PEG） as the pore-forming agent. The morphology， spectral characteristics， PDRC properties， mechanical properties and self-cleaning performance of the PMP film were characterized using such methods as SEM， UV-VIS-NIR， FTIR. The results showed that the addition of MgCO₃ and PEG to PET formed a film with a graded porous structure， which increased the average reflectance from 11.84% to 86.17% in the ultraviolet-visible near-infrared range and improved the emissivity from 88.66% to 92.66% in the mid-infrared range. Compared with the blank control group， the PMP film achieved a cooling effect of approximately 17.00℃ inside the test box. Additionally， the tensile strength and elongation at break of the PMP film were 6 MPa and 35%， respectively. The water contact angle was 82.14°， and after being exposed outdoors for three months， there was only about 2% decrease in reflectance in the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared wavelength range. The research findings provide theoretical basis for the preparation method of PDRC materials.

Key words：passive daytime radiative cooling; 3D printing; MgCO₃; PEG; porous structure film

0 引 言

全球變暖和城市熱島效應給人類生存環境帶來嚴峻的挑戰。傳統制冷方式能耗巨大，在運行過程中還會釋放二氧化碳，進一步加劇溫室效應，因此開發可再生和節能的制冷技術具有重要意義。近年來，日間被動輻射制冷（Passive Daytime Radiative Cooling，PDRC）技術受到了學者的廣泛關注和研究，該技術無須任何能量輸入，能夠自發地通過大氣窗口向外太空輻射熱量，以保持相對穩定的降溫。

實現PDRC材料需要滿足兩個關鍵條件：在紫外可見近紅外（UV-VIS-NIR）波段（0.30～2.50 μm）具有較高的反射率以降低對太陽能量的吸收， 在中紅外（MIR）波段（8.00～13.00 μm）的大氣窗口具有較高的發射率以最大限度向外界釋放熱量^［1］。……