









【摘" " 要】:為研究北方寒冷地區(qū)老舊住宅建筑外窗節(jié)能改造前后的耗熱量指標(biāo)、節(jié)能率、經(jīng)濟性及碳排放量,構(gòu)建建筑模型,對市面上常見的7種類型外窗進行模擬計算。結(jié)果表明:更換為節(jié)能外窗后,建筑的耗熱量指標(biāo)均降低,節(jié)能效果提高;改造后建筑運行階段的碳排放量均有所降低,具有良好的碳減排效果;選用隔熱鋁合金窗6 mm+12 mmAr+6 mm+12 mmAr+6 mmLow-E進行節(jié)能改造的經(jīng)濟性最好。
【關(guān)鍵詞】:寒冷地區(qū);節(jié)能改造;耗熱量指標(biāo);碳排放;老舊住宅建筑;外窗
【中圖分類號】: TU111.195 【文獻標(biāo)志碼】:A 【文章編號】:1008-3197(2025)01-59-04
【DOI編碼】:10.3969/j.issn.1008-3197.2025.01.015
Economic and Carbon Emission Analysis of Energy-saving Renovation of Exterior Windows in Old Residential Buildings in Northern China
MENG Kaiyue, FANG Yue, BAI Jingguo*,F(xiàn)U Chao
(Tianjin Ershiyi Stations Testing Technology Co. Ltd. ,Tianjin 300381,China)
【Abstract】: In order to research on the heat consumption index, energy saving rate, economy and carbon emission before and after the transformation" of the exterior windows of old residential buildings in cold areas in northern China,build a building model, by selecting seven types of exterior Windows commonly available on the market and carried out simulation calculation to analyze. The results show that the heat consumption index of buildings is reduced and the energy saving effect is improved after the replacement of energy-saving exterior Windows, after the transformation, the carbon emissions in the operation stage of the buildings are reduced, which has a good carbon emission reduction effect, the thermal insulation aluminum alloy window 6 mm+12 mmAr+6 mm+12 mmAr+6 mmLow-E is used for energy saving transformation is the best.
【Key words】: cold area;energy-saving transformation;heat consumption index;carbon emission;old residential buildings;exterior windows
建筑全生命周期內(nèi)產(chǎn)生碳排放最主要的階段是運行階段,約占70%;建筑運行階段釋放的CO2占全國CO2排放總量的21.9%[1]。截至2019年,我國北方地區(qū)有約49億m2的城鎮(zhèn)住宅建造于1990年以前,能耗較高;1990—2000年建造的城鎮(zhèn)住宅有33億m2且圍護結(jié)構(gòu)節(jié)能性能較差[2]。由此可見,我國北方地區(qū)有大量的老舊住宅建筑需要提高能效水平,降低碳排放量。
我國有5個氣候分區(qū),北方地區(qū)主要屬于嚴(yán)寒和寒冷地區(qū)[3]。北方住宅建筑的能耗主要來源于冬季采暖,采暖方式主要為集中供暖系統(tǒng)連續(xù)供暖。在一棟住宅建筑中,由于窗墻比、窗框材料、玻璃材料、遮陽系數(shù)、氣密性等的影響,外窗的熱損耗高達30%[4];因此,對既有老舊住宅建筑的外窗進行節(jié)能改造是提升保溫性能、降低供暖耗熱量、實現(xiàn)供暖低碳轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵。本文以天津市某棟老舊住宅建筑為例,對建筑外窗進行節(jié)能改造,構(gòu)建不同種類外窗的建筑模型,分析其耗熱量指標(biāo)、經(jīng)濟效果和建筑運行階段的碳減排效果。……