護理本科生領導力教學的范圍綜述

Leadership education for undergraduate nursing students：a scoping review

GUAN Qingyi，FAN Yanyan，WU Yifan，SUN Caiyun，YAN EnyuanSchool of Nursing，Binzhou Medical University，Shandong 264003 ChinaCorresponding Author FAN Yanyan，E-mail：y51617@126.com

Abstract Objective：To provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of leadership teaching for nursing undergraduate students，and to cluster teaching content themes based on the nursing student leadership education model，in order to provide ideas and directions for the development of leadership education and teaching.Methods：Searched Web of Science，PubMed，the Cochrane Library，EMbase，CINAHL，CNKI，WanFang Database，VIP，and CBM and other databases provide a comprehensive review of literature related to leadership teaching for nursing undergraduate students，focusing on the basic characteristics of the literature，teaching period，teaching content，teaching methods，assessment methods，and teaching effectiveness.The search period was from the establishment of the database to October 5，2023.Meanwhile，a comparative analysis was conducted on the clustering of leadership teaching content themes with the nursing student leadership education model.Results： A total of 17 articles were included，which had the highest number of publications in English （94.1%）;the United States had the highest number of publications（47.1%）;leadership teaching only accounted for 58.8% of the total in senior year.After reorganizing and integrating the teaching content，32 themes were formed，clustered in various dimensions of the leadership education model for nursing students.Among them，the themes of envisioning goals，achieving a workable level of unity，serving as a symbol，and representing the group externally were few，with 2 themes each;the most frequently used teaching method was scenario simulation;the combination of process evaluation and summative evaluation accounted for 29.4%，and self-designed questionnaires were used to evaluate teaching effectiveness.Conclusion：Leadership teaching for undergraduate nursing students should further enrich the teaching content and improve the evaluation methods，focus on integrating diverse teaching methods on the basis of scenario simulation teaching，and integrate leadership teaching into the entire undergraduate teaching process based on students′ growth patterns.

Keywords nursing undergraduates;leadership;teaching;model;scoping review

摘要 目的：對護理本科生領導力教學現狀進行范圍綜述，參照護生領導力教育模型聚類教學內容主題，為領導力教育教學的發展提供思路和方向。方法：檢索Web of Science、PubMed、the Cochrane Library、EMbase、CINAHL、中國知網（CNKI）、萬方數據庫（WanFang Database）、維普數據庫（VIP）和中國生物醫學文獻數據庫（CBM）等數據庫關于護理本科生領導力教學相關的文獻，圍繞文獻基本特征、教學開設時段、教學內容、教學方法以及考核方式及教學效果等進行范圍綜述，檢索時限為建庫至2023年10月5日。同時，與護生領導力教育模型聚類領導力教學內容主題進行比較分析。結果：共納入17篇文獻，英文發文量最多（94.1%）；美國發文量最多（47.1%）；領導力教學僅在大學四年級開設占比58.8%；教學內容去重整合后形成32個主題，聚類于護生領導力教育模型各維度，其中“目標設想”“團結工作氛圍營造”“品牌打造”和“對外交流”維度主題少，各有2個主題；教學方法以“情景模擬”使用頻次最多；過程性評價與終結性評價相結合者占29.4%，教學效果多采用自行設計問卷進行評價。結論：護理本科生領導力教學應進一步豐富教學內容和完善考評方式，注重情景模擬教學的基礎上融合多元教學方法，同時結合學生成長規律將領導力教學滲透到本科教學全過程。

關鍵詞 護理本科生；領導力；教學；模型；范圍綜述

doi：10.12102/j.issn.2095-8668.2024.19.011

護理領導力是指護理人員應用自身的知識、技能和態度去影響組織中服務對象、同事或下屬的態度、情感或信仰，并促使其采取一定的行為，以實現組織共同目標的一種能力［1］。……