護士主導的病人術前訪視體驗與需求的Meta整合

A Meta-integration of patients′ experiences and needs in nurse-led preoperative visit

YANG Ni，HOU Jiantong，GAO Yingli，WANG FenglingNursing College of Shandong First Medical University ＆ Shandong Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences，Shandong 271016 ChinaCorresponding Author WANG Fengling，E-mail：15866937390@163.com

Abstract Objective：A systematic evaluation of patients′ experiences and needs for participation in preoperative visits to inform the optimization of the quality of preoperative visits in clinical care.Methods：Computerized searches were conducted in PubMed，Web of Science，EMbase CHINAL，the Cochrane Library，CNKI，VIP，WanFang Database，CBM，and other relevant databases for qualitative research literature on the experiences and needs of patients and nurses participating in preoperative visits.The retrieval time was from the inception to October 2023.Evaluate the quality of the literature based on the quality assessment criteria for qualitative studies developed by the Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care of the Joanna Briggs Institute，Australia，2016 edition，and the results were integrated and analysed by using a pooled integration approach.Results：A total of 11 articles were included，including 6 phenomenological studies and 5 descriptive qualitative studies.44 findings were distilled，grouped into 10 new categories，and synthesized into three integrative findings：patients undergo physical and psychological stress in the preoperative phase，the need for multifaceted support，positive behaviors can promote patient health.Conclusion：Current evidence shows that in the preoperative stage，nursing care should focus on the patient′s psycho-emotional and information needs，provide multifaceted support，assist the patient in a smooth transition to the preoperative stage，enhance confidence in disease recovery，and improve overall satisfaction.

Keywords preoperative visit;qualitative research;experience;requirements;nurse-led;patient involvement;Meta-integration；evidence-based nursing

摘要 目的：系統評價病人參與術前訪視的體驗及需求，為優化臨床護理術前訪視質量提供參考。方法：計算機檢索PubMed、Web of Science、EMbase、CHINAL、the Cochrane Library、中國知網、維普數據庫、萬方數據庫、中國生物醫學文獻數據庫等有關護患參與的術前訪視體驗及需求的質性研究文獻。檢索時限為建庫至2023年10月。依據2016版澳大利亞喬安娜布里格斯研究所（JBI）循證衛生保健中心制定的質性研究質量評價標準進行文獻質量評價，采用匯集性整合方法對結果進行整合分析。結果：共納入11篇文獻，包括6項現象學研究、5項描述性質性研究；提煉出44個研究結果，歸納為10個新類別，綜合成3個整合結果：病人在術前階段承受身心壓力；多方面支持的需求；正性行為可促進病人健康。結論：現有證據表明，術前訪視階段，護理工作應聚焦于病人的心理情緒及信息需求，提供多方面的支持，協助病人平穩度過術前階段，增強疾病康復信心，提升整體滿意度。

關鍵詞 術前訪視；質性研究；體驗；需求；護士主導；病人參與；Meta整合；循證護理

doi：10.12102/j.issn.2095-8668.2024.19.003

術前訪視涉及多學科合作，可以有效連接病房、門診與手術室的工作，是手術病人圍術期護理中的一個重要環節。由護士主導的術前訪視可有效減少病人的焦慮情緒，提高病人控制疼痛的能力［1-2］，讓病人感受到被尊重及關愛，提升病人的參與度［3］，從而增強戰勝疾病的信心［4］。術前病人依從性不高或忽視病人術前的心理與生理變化，會導致手術延誤甚至導致手術并發癥發生［5］。因此，關注病人在術前階段的切身體驗和信息需求，給予系統的心理行為干預，對改善病人的術前生活質量至關重要。……