


摘要:據統計,全國90%以上突發環境事件與水環境有關。加強水生態環境風險防范,科學開展流域突發環境事件應急處置研究,不僅是系統保護流域生態環境的必然要求,也是美麗中國建設的有益探索與實踐。以百色市為例,評估重點流域環境風險,分析流域環境風險防控存在的主要問題,提出流域環境風險防控策略,有助于科學應對突發環境事件,保護區域生態環境。
關鍵詞:重點流域;突發環境事件;風險評估;風險防控;百色市
中圖分類號:X820.4 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1008-9500(2024)07-0-04
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-9500.2024.07.062
Study on Risk Assessment and Prevention Measures for Sudden Environmental Incidents in Key River Basins
—Taking Baise City as an Example
LI Huatong1, LI Peitong1, CEN Guanghe1, CHEN Xiaoyan2
(1. Baise Environmental Emergency and Accident Investigation Center, Baise 533000, China;
2. Guangxi Guihong Environmental Protection Engineering Co., Ltd., Nanning 530000, China)
Abstract: According to statistics, over 90% of sudden environmental incidents in China are related to water environment. Strengthening the prevention of water ecological environment risks and conducting scientific research on emergency response to sudden environmental incidents in river basins are not only necessary requirements for the systematic protection of the ecological environment in river basins, but also beneficial explorations and practices for the construction of a beautiful China. Taking Baise city as an example, evaluating the environmental risks of key river basins, analyzing the main problems in river basin environmental risk prevention, and proposing strategies for river basin environmental risk prevention will help to scientifically respond to sudden environmental events and protect the regional ecological environment.
Keywords: key river basins; sudden environmental incidents; risk assessment; risk prevention; Baise city
我國南方地區夏季炎熱多雨,喀斯特地貌廣泛分布,地表河流縱橫交錯,水資源豐富。城鎮人口及工業主要分布在流域干支流沿線,環境風險源和敏感點比較集中,流域環境風險高,防控能力薄弱,環境應急管理工作壓力較大。鑒于此,以百色市為例,評估重點流域環境風險,分析流域環境風險防控存在的主要問題,提出流域環境風險防控策略。
1 重點流域環境風險
百色市地處廣西壯族自治區西部,夏季降雨充足,水資源豐富,地表河流縱橫交錯,從北向南有南盤江、馱娘江-右江、黑水河和百南河4大水系[1]。下面從環境風險源、環境敏感受體、環境防控要素和歷史突發環境事件等方面進行分析,梳理百色市重點流域面臨的主要環境風險。
1.1 流域重點環境風險源
工業企業、尾礦庫、高速公路和輸油氣管線等是流域突發環境事件的主要風險源[2]。截至2024年6月,百色市編制環境應急預案并備案的企業有682家,其中,重點環境風險源企業有165家。……