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關鍵詞:濕垃圾處理;黑水虻;效能研究
中圖分類號:X705 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1008-9500(2024)07-0-05
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-9500.2024.07.029
Study on the Bioconversion Efficacy of Black Soldier Fly for Different Sorting Solid Residues of Kitchen Waste
ZHOU Yongquan1,2, TAI Jun1,2, OUYANG Chuang1,2
(1. Shanghai Environmental amp; Sanitary Engineering Design Institute Co., Ltd.;
2. Shanghai MSW Treatment and Resource Recycling Engineering Technology Research Center, Shanghai 200232, China)
Abstract: The use of black soldier fly biotransformation technology can improve the efficiency of anaerobic treatment of wet garbage. To verify the feasibility of using catering waste, kitchen waste, and their pre treated solid residue as substrates for breeding black soldier flies, a study was conducted on the breeding efficiency of black soldier flies. The results showed that all six types of wet garbage solid residues could meet the basic growth needs of black soldier flies, but there were differences in conversion rates. The moisture content, particle size, fat content, and total nutrient content of materials have a positive impact on the high yield of black soldier flies, and the fat content and carbon nitrogen ratio of the material are positively correlated with the fat content of the fly body.
Keywords: kitchen waste disposal; black soldier fly; efficacy study
“十四五”期間,隨著垃圾分類政策的推動,濕垃圾處置市場持續快速釋放。預計到2025年,全國濕垃圾處置產能將達到35萬t/d[1]。目前,濕垃圾主要采用機械預處理+厭氧產沼工藝。該工藝的資源化產品主要為油脂和沼氣,但殘留35%的固渣仍需焚燒協同處置,濕垃圾固渣中的有機質未得到充分利用,可能成為我國垃圾分類資源化的短板。
黑水虻生物轉化工藝在有機固渣減量化、資源化利用、經濟效益方面表現出較好的潛力,在環衛行業內逐漸應用,被視為提升厭氧工藝整體資源化率的有效抓手[2]。目前,關于黑水虻養殖技術、生長環境影響、物料性質等方面的研究已有很多,然而大多為實驗室研究,所涉及的物料多來自餐館、學校食堂,與工程實際運行過程中所產的固渣特性差距較大[3-4]。因此,有必要進一步開展黑水虻生物轉化不同濕垃圾分選固渣的效能研究。
基于濕垃圾厭氧產沼項目,利用6類典型固渣養殖黑水虻,分析不同濕垃圾分選固渣對黑水虻的影響,探究物料特性、組分與黑水虻產蟲率、蟲體特性之間的相關性,以期為黑水虻生物轉化濕垃圾厭氧處理殘渣的實際工程應用提供科學指導。……