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基金項目:生物育種鐘山實驗室基金項目(ZSBBL-KY2023-03);農業生物育種重大項目(2023ZD0403402);江蘇省種業振興“揭榜掛帥 ”項目[JBGS(2021)057];江蘇省林業科技創新與推廣項目[LYKJ-盱胎(2023)1號]
作者簡介:李藝陽(2000-),女,江蘇鹽城人,碩士研究生,主要研究方向為植物病理學。( E-mail)1871561437@qq.com; 吳冕為共同第一作者。
通訊作者:崔曉艷,(E-mail)cxy@jaas.ac.cn
摘要: 真菌引起的大豆豆莢病害直接影響大豆籽粒及鮮食豆莢的產量和品質,為了解江蘇省大豆豆莢病害的主要致病菌,本研究從南京、淮安、徐州、南通、鹽城的大豆種植區內采集了78份有明顯病斑的豆莢,通過病原菌組織分離與純化得到112種病原菌。通過對比ITS與TUB2序列,112種病原菌被分為半知菌亞門的5個屬:鐮刀菌屬(Fusarium spp.)、炭疽菌屬(Colletotrichum spp.)、擬莖點霉屬(Diaporthe spp.)、黑孢菌屬(Nigrospora spp.)和色二孢屬(Lasiodiplodia spp.)。其中鐮刀菌屬占比最高,占65.18%。從每個屬中選擇1個病原菌進行形態學觀察以及柯赫氏法則驗證,并結合分子生物學鑒定和系統演化分析。結果證明5個分離物分別屬于層出鐮刀菌(F. proliferatum)、平頭炭疽菌(C. truncatum)、大豆擬莖點霉菌(D. longicolla)、球黑孢菌(N. sphaerica)和假可可毛色二孢菌(L. pseudotheobromae)。本研究明確了為害江蘇省大豆豆莢的主要病原菌,為大豆豆莢真菌病害的有效防控提供理論依據。
關鍵詞: 大豆;真菌病害;病原菌鑒定
中圖分類號: S435.651"" 文獻標識碼: A"" 文章編號: 1000-4440(2024)10-1801-09
Isolation and identification of the pathogens causing soybean pod fungal diseases in Jiangsu province
LI Yiyang1,2, WU Mian2, GU Heping2, CHEN Xin2, CUI Xiaoyan1,2
(1.College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2.Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing 210014, China)
Abstract: Soybean pod diseases caused by fungi directly affect the yield and quality of soybean seeds and fresh pods. In this study, 112 pathogens were isolated and purified from 78 diseased pods collected from soybean growing areas in Nanjing, Huai’an, Xuzhou, Nantong and Yancheng. By comparing ITS and TUB2 sequences, 112 species of pathogens were classified into five genera of Deuteromycotina: Fusarium spp., Colletotrichum spp., Diaporthe spp., Nigrospora spp. and Lasiodiplodia spp. Among them, Fusarium spp. accounted for the highest proportion (65.18%). One pathogen from each genus was selected for morphological observation and Koch’s rule validation, and molecular biological identification and phylogenetic analysis were carried out. The results showed that the five isolates belonged to Fusarium proliferatum, Colletotrichum truncatum, Diaporthe longicolla, Nigrospora sphaerica and Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae, respectively. This study identified the main pathogens of soybean pods in Jiangsu province, providing a theoretical basis for effective control of soybean pod fungal diseases.
Key words: soybean;fungal diseases;pathogen identification
大豆[Glycine max(L.)Merr.]是中國重要的經濟作物之一,它是人類植物蛋白的主要來源,也可用于加工優質飼料和農副產品,在日常生產中不可或缺[1-2]。近年來,隨著國家持續推進大豆-玉米帶狀復合種植、糧豆輪作、鹽堿地開發利用等產能提升工程,大豆總產量有所提高,初步緩解了大豆產需缺口大、嚴重依賴進口等問題[3]。……