含水率及包裝方式對煙梗醇化質量的影響

摘要 為科學合理選擇煙梗含水率及包裝方式，本研究在自然醇化條件下，探究了11%、15%和18% 3種含水率，以及紙箱、麻袋2種包裝方式對醇化期間（1年）煙梗含水率、包芯溫度、外觀質量及常規(guī)化學成分的影響。結果表明，含水率11%和15%麻袋裝煙梗樣品未出現(xiàn)霉變，含水率15%箱裝煙梗，含水率18%麻袋和箱裝煙梗部分樣品出現(xiàn)了霉變。隨著含水率的增加，煙梗含水率波動越大，顏色轉深越明顯，出現(xiàn)霉變風險越高，含水率11%含量箱裝煙梗的含水率穩(wěn)定性優(yōu)于麻袋包裝。包芯溫度在8.0～35.0 ℃范圍內(nèi)，主要受環(huán)境溫度影響；煙梗總糖、還原糖含量總體呈下降趨勢，高水分煙梗下降幅度相對較大。復烤煙梗含水率宜控制在11.0%左右，宜采用紙箱包裝方式。

關鍵詞 煙梗；含水率；包裝方式；醇化條件；煙梗品質

中圖分類號 TS47" " 文獻標識碼 A" " 文章編號 1007-7731（2024）16-0105-05

DOI號 10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2024.16.025

Effects of moisture content and packaging methods on the quality of tobacco stem aging

LU Youxiang1" " LI Jiyang2" " WANG Suhong3" " XU Chen4" " NI Xia4" " HE Jinhua1" " ZOU Chuanqing2

（1Technology Center of Anhui Branch of China Tobacco Industy Co.， Ltd.， Hefei 230088， China;

2Bengbu Cigarette Factory， Anhui Branch of China Tobacco Industy Co.， Ltd.， Bengbu 233010， China;

3Huahuan International Tobacco Co.， Ltd.， Fengyang 23312， China;

4Chuzhou Cigarette Factory， Anhui Branch of China Tobacco Industy Co.， Ltd.， Chuzhou 239000， China）

Abstract To scientifically and reasonably select the moisture content and packaging methods of tobacco stems， an investigation was conducted under natural aging conditions into the effects of three moisture contents （11%， 15%， and 18%）， and two packaging methods （carton and burlap） on the moisture content， core temperature， appearance quality， and conventional chemical components of tobacco stems during the aging period （1 year）. The results indicated that no mold growth was observed in the tobacco stems samples packed in burlap with moisture contents of 11% and 15%， while mold growth occurred in some tobacco stems samples packed in cartons at 15% moisture content and in both cartons and burlap at 18% moisture content. With the increase of moisture content in tobacco stems， the fluctuation of moisture content became larger， the color turned darker more significantly， and the risk of mold growth increased. The stability of moisture content in tobacco stems packed in cartons at 11% moisture content was superior to that packed in burlap. The core temperature was controlled within the range of 8.0～35.0 ℃， mainly influenced by the ambient temperature. The total sugar and reducing sugar in tobacco stems generally showed a decreasing trend， with a relatively larger decrease in high moisture content tobacco stems. The moisture content of reconditioned tobacco stems should be controlled around 11.0%， and it is advisable to use carton packaging.

Keywords tobacco stem; moisture content; packaging method; aging conditions; tobacco stem quality

煙梗是卷煙生產(chǎn)的主要輔助原料之一，在卷煙降焦減害、降本增效及改善燃燒性能等方面發(fā)揮著重要作用[1-3]，煙梗品質受到越來越多的重視。煙梗醇化是煙梗復烤與制梗絲的中間環(huán)節(jié)，也是煙梗質量控制的關鍵節(jié)點之一，目前生產(chǎn)上普遍采用自然醇化方式，在庫房貯存條件下，其貯存環(huán)境溫、濕度主要受自然環(huán)境影響[4]。含水率和包裝方式是影響煙梗醇化質量的關鍵因素[5-6]。考慮到貯存安全和包裝成本，煙梗醇化前來料含水率通常控制在9%左右，采用麻袋包裝方式，醇化期1年左右。在此條件下貯存的煙梗在制梗絲加工過程中存在煙梗顏色深、潤不透、切梗絲含水率不穩(wěn)定和跑梗頭等問題，其原因可能是煙梗來料含水率偏小，醇化過程中發(fā)生了棕褐色反應[7-8]。……