過(guò)河段頂管施工機(jī)頭進(jìn)水抱死救援處置方法

摘" 要：為解決過(guò)河段機(jī)械頂管施工遭遇機(jī)頭抱死，難以采取“開(kāi)天窗”方式救援的難題，設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)明一種過(guò)河段頂管施工機(jī)頭抱死救援處置裝置和方法。用圍堰圍護(hù)擊穿涌水部位后，從接收井人工頂管至機(jī)頭抱死部位，使用千斤頂通過(guò)焊接好的拉索拉梁從接收井反頂出被淹機(jī)頭。該方法施工機(jī)械化程度較高，施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低，對(duì)周邊環(huán)境影響小，在快速取出機(jī)頭的同時(shí)可完成剩余段頂管施工。

關(guān)鍵詞：過(guò)河段頂管；機(jī)頭抱死；拉索拉梁；千斤頂；救援脫困

中圖分類號(hào)：U443" " " 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A" " " " " 文章編號(hào)：2095-2945（2024）25-0145-04

Abstract： In order to solve the problem that the mechanical pipe jacking construction of the cross-river section encountered the grip of the machine head and it is difficult to adopt the way of \"opening the skylight \"to rescue， a kind of rescue device and method for pipe jacking construction machine head of the cross-river section was designed and invented. After piercing the water gushing site with the cofferdam， the pipe is jacked manually from the receiving well to the dead part of the machine head， and the flooded head is ejected from the receiving well by using the Jack through the welded cable beam. This method has the advantages of high degree of construction mechanization， low construction risk and little impact on the surrounding environment， and the pipe jacking construction of the remaining section can be completed while taking out the machine head quickly.

Keywords： pipe jacking across the river; nose clamping; cable beam; Jack; rescue and rescue

在市政項(xiàng)目管網(wǎng)地下頂管施工時(shí)，會(huì)遇到穿河底或地下強(qiáng)涌水頂管施工段。因機(jī)械頂管施工擾動(dòng)、上覆層厚度不夠、地質(zhì)缺陷等原因，尤其在河床高水位時(shí)河底可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)管涌擊穿事故。河水涌入頂管井內(nèi)，導(dǎo)致管道、工作井、機(jī)頭被水淹沒(méi)，燒壞頂管機(jī)頭，無(wú)法繼續(xù)施工[1]。如何將機(jī)頭取出維修，并完成剩余頂管施工是一項(xiàng)很艱難的工作[2]。

機(jī)械頂管機(jī)頭抱死一般采取“開(kāi)天窗”的方式，即在機(jī)頭卡死處進(jìn)行開(kāi)挖，并將機(jī)頭取出[3-4]。此方法有一定局限性，對(duì)于河道內(nèi)滲水量大的過(guò)河段救援不適用。考慮到機(jī)頭抱死處后續(xù)頂管施工，在充分考慮施工安全的前提下，設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)明了一種過(guò)河段頂管施工機(jī)頭抱死救援處置裝置和救援方法。采用人工頂管到達(dá)抱死地點(diǎn)，通過(guò)焊接好的拉索拉梁，采用千斤頂反頂將被淹機(jī)頭從接收井取出。

通過(guò)長(zhǎng)江大保護(hù)瀏陽(yáng)項(xiàng)目主城區(qū)機(jī)械頂管施工實(shí)踐和相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)，總結(jié)了過(guò)河段頂管施工機(jī)頭抱死人工頂管反頂救援處置施工技術(shù)。……