X射線背散射電信號采集電路設計與研究

摘" 要：X射線背散射成像儀是一種基于康普頓散射效應，采用射線探測與成像技術的輻射成像檢查儀器。在X射線背散射成像儀的研制中，一套可以準確獲取散射射線信息的電信號采集電路是背散射成像儀獲得高質量圖像的關鍵。為了設計出更加適合X射線背散射成像儀使用的電信號采集電路，該文針對X射線背散射成像儀中康普頓散射射線特征，提出電信號采集電路的2種設計方案，一種是采用脈沖計數模式，另一種是采用電荷積分模式。根據設計方案，該文分析不同采集電路設計方案的影響因素，并將2種方案分別進行電路設計、硬件參數優化調整和電信號采集對比測試實驗。對比測試實驗表明，電荷積分模式信號采集方案可以有效提升采集電路輻射信號采集率，提升X射線背散射成像儀的關鍵指標和成像質量，更加適用于背散射成像儀，從而實現X射線背散射成像儀電信號采集電路優化設計與模塊化應用。

關鍵詞：X射線背散射成像儀；電路設計；計數模式；積分模式；理論分析

中圖分類號：TL81" " " 文獻標志碼：A" " " " " 文章編號：2095-2945（2024）25-0129-04

Abstract： X-ray backscatter imaging device is a kind of radiation imaging instrument based on Compton scattering effect and using X-ray detection and imaging technology. In the development of X-ray backscatter imaging device， a set of electrical signal acquisition circuit which can accurately obtain scattered ray information is the key for backscatter imager to obtain high quality images. In order to design an electrical signal acquisition circuit which is more suitable for X-ray backscatter imaging device， according to the characteristics of Compton scattered rays in X-ray backscatter imaging device， two design schemes of electrical signal acquisition circuit are proposed in this paper. One is pulse counting mode， the other is charge integration mode. According to the design scheme， this paper analyzes the influence factors of different acquisition circuit design schemes， and carries on the circuit design， hardware parameter optimization adjustment and electrical signal acquisition contrast test experiments of the two schemes. The comparative test results show that the charge integration mode signal acquisition scheme can effectively improve the radiation signal acquisition rate of the acquisition circuit， improve the key index and imaging quality of the X-ray backscatter imaging device， and is more suitable for the backscatter imager. Thus， the optimal design and modular application of the electrical signal acquisition circuit of X-ray backscatter are realized.

Keywords： X-ray backscatter imaging device; circuit design; counting mode; integral mode; theoretical analysis

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