基于均衡修模式的地鐵車輛基地設計創新研究

摘" 要：為解決既有計劃修模式下，地鐵車輛上線率低、運維成本高、部分子系統過度維修問題，國內各地鐵運營部門逐步探索、實行均衡修的車輛維保作業模式。均衡修模式將傳統計劃修中各級檢修任務分解至不同的維修周期內，利用列車運用窗口期作業，減少車輛扣修時長，均衡維護工作量。該研究以均衡修制度為基礎，研究該模式下車輛基地的創新設計方案。研究結果表明，采用與均衡修作業匹配的設計方案后，全線檢修車規模可減少21.4%，車輛基地停車列檢線每雙線跨可以壓縮寬度0.8 m，定修車輛段的檢修庫基本可以取消。實現軌道交通降本增效，高質量發展要求。

關鍵詞：地鐵車輛；計劃修；均衡修；車輛基地；設計優化

中圖分類號：U279" " " 文獻標志碼：A" " " " " 文章編號：2095-2945（2024）32-0135-04

Abstract： In order to solve the problems of low on-line rate of subway vehicles， high operation and maintenance costs， and excessive maintenance of some subsystems under the existing planned maintenance model， various domestic subway operation departments have gradually explored and implemented a vehicle maintenance operation model with balanced maintenance. The balanced maintenance model breaks down maintenance tasks at all levels in traditional planned maintenance into different maintenance cycles， and uses the train operation window period to reduce vehicle detentions and repair time and balance maintenance workload. This research is based on the balanced maintenance system and studies innovative design plans for vehicle bases under this model. The research results show that after adopting the design plan that matches the balanced maintenance operation， the scale of the entire line of inspection vehicles can be reduced by 21.4%， the width of each double span of the parking and inspection line at the vehicle base can be reduced by 0.8 m， and the inspection warehouse in the scheduled maintenance vehicle depot can basically be cancelled. Achieve the requirements for cost reduction and efficiency improvement of rail transit and high-quality development.

Keywords： subway vehicles; planned maintenance; balanced maintenance; vehicle base; design optimization

隨著地鐵線網里程、客流規模的高速發展，地鐵列車保有量迅猛增長，車輛運營維保質量要求及維保成本也與日俱增。上海、深圳、南京等城市地鐵運營部門均已探索并施行了均衡修（系統修）的車輛維保策略及作業模式，通過由車輛定期計劃扣車檢修向平峰期均衡檢修轉變，在配車總規模不變情況下，增加運用車數，提高列車上線率。本次研究基于深圳地鐵運營均衡修制度，對檢修車規模計算及車輛基地相應的匹配設計進行分析研究，從頂層設計規劃上提高車輛基地工藝設計流線及相應配套設施的利用率。

1" 檢修模式分析

1.1" 計劃修模式簡介

傳統計劃修模式下，車輛檢修修程、檢修周期、檢修停時等內容一般按照GB 50157—2013《地鐵設計規范》中相關指標參數選取，見表1。……