基于赤平投影法與極限平衡法的某礦山邊坡穩定性研究

摘" 要：露天礦山高陡邊坡穩定性已成為人民和國家關注的礦山安全問題之一。該研究根據邊坡坡向、邊坡巖體結構特征、結構面發育特征和巖體產狀對礦山邊坡地質工程分區，利用赤平投影法對3個分區進行邊坡穩定性研究，選取3個典型剖面基于Slide軟件利用極限平衡法對礦山高陡邊坡進行穩定性研究。研究結果表明，該礦山邊坡發生滑動、楔體破壞的可能性較小，且在3種工況下的安全系數均大于許用安全系數，該礦山邊坡處于穩定狀態，可保證礦山生產的安全。

關鍵詞：邊坡穩定性；極限平衡法；赤平投影法；礦山安全；安全系數

中圖分類號：TD824" " " 文獻標志碼：A" " " " "文章編號：2095-2945（2024）32-0107-04

Abstract： The stability of high and steep slopes in open-pit mines has become one of the mine safety issues of concern to the people and the country. In this study， the geological engineering zoning of mine slopes is divided into three subdivisions based on the slope direction， slope rock mass structural characteristics， structural plane development characteristics and rock mass attitude. The stereographic projection method is used to conduct slope stability research on three subdivisions. Three typical sections are selected based on slide software and the limit equilibrium method is used to conduct stability research on high and steep slopes of the mine. The research results show that the mine slope is less likely to slip and wedge damage， and the safety factors under the three working conditions are greater than the allowable safety factors. The mine slope is in a stable state， which can ensure the safety of mine production.

Keywords： slope stability; limit equilibrium method; stereographic projection method; mine safety; safety factor

近年來，我國發生多起礦山高陡邊坡失穩事故，造成巨大生命財產損失。因此，對礦山高陡邊坡的穩定性研究有重大意義[1-5]。

國內外學者對邊坡穩定性展開過一些研究。鄭雷[6]利用層次分析法對影響邊坡穩定性的14個影響因素進行了分析。宋衛東等[7]采用Geo-Slop軟件對蘭尖鐵礦深凹露天礦山高陡邊坡進行了穩定性研究。武強等[8]對安堡太露天礦邊坡進行了穩定性研究。莫文叢等[9]采用極限平衡法和FLAC3D分析了某礦山邊坡穩定性。趙兵等[10]研究了船山集團石灰石露天采場邊坡穩定性。

本文以某礦山為研究對象，結合礦區地質分區和破壞模式。利用多種方法綜合確定邊坡巖體力學參數，再利用赤平投影法和極限平衡法研究了采場擬設終了邊坡在3種工況下邊坡的穩定性。

1" 工程概況