摘" 要:為減小割草機手柄的振動,提高安全性和操作性,以實際工作傳遞路徑分析離合器端蓋的上下及左右方向振動對割草機手柄振動的影響。結果表明,離合器左右方向振動對手柄前后方向振動的影響顯著,通過在離合器離心塊位置相反方向附加微小的配重,打破離合器的動平衡,盡管離合器的上下方向振動略有增加,但左右方向振動明顯降低。采用離心離合器不平衡質量法,可以使手柄前后方向的振動加速度大幅減少約10 dB左右,減振效果明顯。
關鍵詞:割草機;振動;離合器;慣性力;不平衡
中圖分類號:S817.111" " " 文獻標志碼:A" " " " " 文章編號:2095-2945(2024)32-0082-05
Abstract: In order to reduce the vibration of the mower handle and improve safety and operability, the influence of the vibration of the clutch end cover in the up and down and left and right directions on the vibration of the mower handle was analyzed based on the actual working transmission path. The results show that the left-right vibration of the clutch has a significant impact on the front-back vibration of the handle. By adding a tiny counterweight in the opposite direction to the position of the centrifugal block of the clutch, the dynamic balance of the clutch is broken. Although the up-and-down vibration of the clutch increases slightly, the left-and-right vibration is significantly reduced. Using the unbalanced mass method of centrifugal clutch can greatly reduce the vibration acceleration in the front-rear direction of the handle by about 10 dB, and the vibration reduction effect is obvious.
Keywords: lawnmower; vibration; clutch; inertia force; imbalance
割草機能夠輕松處理田埂、草坪、山林等地生長的雜草,是全世界被廣泛使用的農業機械之一[1]。目前,已開發、銷售的各種類型的割草機中,側掛手持式割草機因價格便宜、攜帶方便、便于操作等特點使用廣泛[2]。但是,由于割草機的刀片高速旋轉,容易發生事故,安全存在較大的隱患。另外,野外使用的割草機基本采用引擎來傳遞動力,操作中振動很大,日常使用中會使操作者手臂麻痹,工作效率降低,長期使用會造成操作者手腕神經障礙癥狀[3-4]。因此,減小割草機的振動至關重要。
減小割草機振動,除了對輸入振動的引擎進行減振,對傳遞振動部件及手柄部也要采取減振措施。引擎轉速(頻率)在一定的范圍內,雖然可通過傳動系統的固有頻率避開共振措施起到減震效果,但是引擎轉速從4 000 rpm到9 000 rpm較大范圍內變化,因此難以實現在引擎較大轉速范圍內通過傳動系統的固有頻率避開共振措施實現減震[5-6]。……