摘" 要:該文將 MATLAB的仿真技術應用于三相籠型異步電動機能耗制動特性的電機學教改過程中。通過由三相交流電壓源、三相配電變壓器、匹配并聯電容器和三相籠型異步電動機構成的主電路在負載轉矩隨轉速正比變化及隨轉速正比和平方變化的負載條件下的起動特性、能耗制動特性仿真,呈現其電壓、電流、轉矩和轉速的波形變化趨勢,提供一種電機學理論形象化、直觀化的手段。
關鍵詞:異步電動機;能耗制動特性;MATLAB仿真;電機學;轉矩
中圖分類號:TM343" " " " 文獻標志碼:A" " " " " 文章編號:2095-2945(2024)32-0075-04
Abstract: In this paper, MATLAB simulation technology is applied to the electromechanical teaching process of energy-consuming braking characteristics of three-phase cage asynchronous motors. Through the simulation of starting characteristics and energy-consuming braking characteristics of the main circuit composed of a three-phase AC voltage source, a three-phase distribution transformer, a matched parallel capacitor and a three-phase cage asynchronous motor under the load conditions where the load torque changes in proportion to the speed and changes in proportion to the square of the speed, the waveform change trends of the voltage, current, torque, and speed are presented. This provides a means to visualize and intuitively visualize electrical engineering theory.
Keywords: asynchronous motor; energy consumption braking characteristics; MATLAB simulation; Electrical Machinery; torque
三相異步電動機在應用時經常會涉及其起動、調速與制動特性,在需要頻繁起停、變速和正反轉的電動汽車、電力機車、地鐵、起重機和電梯等應用場合其制動性能尤為重要。三相籠型異步電動機的制動方法主要有:能耗制動、回饋制動和反接制動。能耗制動的特點是將電動機動能轉換為電能消耗在繞組電阻上、制動迅速,但低轉速時制動轉矩較小。本文著重仿真分析不同負載條件下的三相籠型異步電動機的能耗制動特性,為掌握異步電動機的制動特性提供了一種形象化、直觀化的手段。
1" 三相籠型異步電動機的MATLAB模型
圖1為三相籠型異步電動機能耗制動特性的仿真模型,其主電路[1-4]由三相交流電壓源、三相配電變壓器、匹配并聯電容器和三相籠型異步電動機構成。
三相交流電壓源的參數為400 V、50 Hz。
三相配電變壓器型號為S9-30/10,其是一臺三相自冷油浸式雙繞銅導……