


摘 要:現代社會,傳染病的暴發和傳播對人類健康和社會穩定構成嚴重威脅。傳染病醫院的選址與病房布局優化是防控傳染病的重要環節。該文針對此問題展開研究,著重考慮風-溫效應在傳染病醫院選址與布局中的影響,發現選址時需要綜合考慮周邊環境的風向、風速大小以及氣溫變化,了解到風-溫效應對傳染病傳播的影響,并提出基于風-溫效應的傳染病醫院選址與病房布局優化方案,將有助于醫院在建設和運營中更好地應對傳染病的挑戰,提高醫院的防控能力和治療效果,為傳染病防控工作提供重要的理論和實踐指導。
關鍵詞:傳染病醫院選址;病房布局優化;風-溫效應;傳染病傳播;環境因素
中圖分類號:TU246.1 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:2095-2945(2024)30-0124-05
Abstract: In modern society, the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases pose a serious threat to human health and social stability. The site selection and ward layout optimization for infectious disease hospitals are important links in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. This paper conducts research on this issue, focusing on the impact of wind-temperature effect on the site selection and layout of infectious disease hospitals. It is found that the wind direction, wind speed and temperature changes of the surrounding environment need to be comprehensively considered when selecting a site. We understand the impact of wind-temperature effect on the spread of infectious diseases, and propoMQR9NyunsQQOYqJYbHf8jaDPw6ZgnrycH/Popybg5tA=se an optimization plan for infectious disease hospital site selection and ward layout based on wind-temperature effect, which will help hospitals better cope with the challenges of infectious diseases in construction and operation. Improve hospitals' prevention and control capabilities and treatment effects, and provide important theoretical and practical guidance for infectious disease prevention and control.
Keywords: site selection for infectious disease hospital; ward layout optimization; wind-temperature effect; infectious disease spread; environmental factor
對傳染病醫院進行新建或改擴建,與常規建筑明顯不同,需嚴格XGrHPWnN1Wr1EqVuJeor8VtDOoAjk+ERz86+0v0QM8c=控制其周邊風環境與污染物濃度。研究顯示,2003年“非典”期間,通過檢測香港某高層小區病毒分布發現,在沒有感染SARS病毒居民家的窗戶、外墻等位置發現了SARS病毒[1]。同樣,新冠感染疫情暴發后[2],在武漢雷神山醫院周邊空氣中也檢測到了一定濃度的病毒,如圖1所示。這些案例證明病毒可通過空氣向鄰近區域擴散,會給室外新鮮空氣造成二次污染,大大增加了鄰近居民的感染風險。在這種情況下,傳染病醫院的選址至關重要。合理選址可最大程度地減少傳染病的傳播風險,保護周圍社區的健康安全。考慮風-溫效應的選址研究可幫助確定在不同季節和氣候條件下傳染病醫院的最佳位置,以便最大限度地降低外界環境對醫院內部環境的影響,提高醫院的應對能力。……