







摘 要:洪澇風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是城市公共風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的重要依據(jù)之一,以廣州市南沙區(qū)桂閣大道為例,在排水系統(tǒng)、海綿城市LID措施、降雨、徑流和地形等條件下,構(gòu)建城市洪澇風(fēng)險(xiǎn)模型,在不同降雨頻率條件下,模擬城市遭遇設(shè)計(jì)暴雨時(shí)的洪澇風(fēng)險(xiǎn),以模擬結(jié)果和等級(jí)閾值劃分結(jié)果進(jìn)行洪澇風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估。該文在傳統(tǒng)城市洪澇風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步分析城市道路洪澇安全的因素,綜合考慮城市道路洪澇風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的暴露性、危險(xiǎn)性、補(bǔ)救措施等因素,進(jìn)行城市道路洪澇風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析研究,評(píng)估結(jié)果可為城市相關(guān)部門的防洪排澇決策提供參考依據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵詞:城市道路;跨河路橋;防洪排澇;風(fēng)險(xiǎn)模型;情景模擬;洪澇彈性
中圖分類號(hào):TU992 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號(hào):2095-2945(2024)24-0159-04
Abstract: Flood risk is one of the important bases for urban public risk management. Taking Guige Avenue, Nansha District, Guangzhou City as an example, under the conditions of drainage system, sponge city LID measures, rainfall, runoff and topography, an urban flood risk model is constructed. Under the conditions of different rainfall frequencies, the flood risk of the city when encountering design rainstorm is simulated, and the flood risk assessment is conducted based on the simulation results and the classification results of grade thresholds. On the basis of traditional urban flood risk, this study further analyzes the factors of urban road flood safety, comprehensively considers the exposure, danger, and remedial measures of urban road flood risk, and conducts urban road flood risk analysis and research. The evaluation results can provide reference basis for flood control and drainage decisions of relevant departments in the city.
Keywords: urban road; river crossing road and bridge; flood control and drainage; risk model; scenario simulation; flood resilience
近年來,極端天氣頻發(fā),城市道路洪澇災(zāi)害對(duì)人民的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)帶來嚴(yán)重威脅,給人民生產(chǎn)生活帶來極大的阻礙。根據(jù)《Nature Climate Change》,到2050年,廣州是全球136個(gè)沿海城市中洪災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估最高的城市。造成珠三角地區(qū)內(nèi)澇的原因除了極端天氣,還有急劇的城市化擴(kuò)張,導(dǎo)致地面的下墊面地類改變。南沙區(qū)作為粵港澳大灣區(qū)的幾何中心、廣州市的副中心,通勤范圍涉及相鄰的黃埔區(qū)、天河區(qū)、番禺區(qū)等以及深圳市、東莞市、中山市和佛山市等區(qū)域,通暢的市政交通對(duì)于生產(chǎn)生活十分重要。
由于南沙區(qū)地勢(shì)低平、河涌橫縱交錯(cuò),城市化建設(shè)速度快,原有的農(nóng)林地、小微水體等被建筑、道路所替代,導(dǎo)致下墊面地類發(fā)生了較大的變化,進(jìn)而使得區(qū)域內(nèi)的徑流系數(shù)增大、產(chǎn)匯流時(shí)間、調(diào)蓄能力減小,使得區(qū)域更易發(fā)生洪澇災(zāi)害。……