RFID射頻讀卡器密鑰異常變化處理研究

摘 要：通過研究醫療檢測設備儀器中用于體外診斷樣本數據追蹤功能的RFID讀卡器在讀樣本標簽數據時出現讀卡失敗的情況，對在線射頻讀卡器硬件組成和軟件系統程序邏輯設計，以及讀卡器和標簽中的密鑰存儲位置和交互驗證過程進行分析，同時對實際讀寫卡過程中的軟件操作方式及讀卡器和標簽的應答模式進行總結，通過對比編輯器產生的.map文件，查詢并驗證導致存儲區域密鑰常量發生修改的根本原因。結果表明，在程序跳轉過程中，由于引導程序中定時器中斷向量未及時關閉，導致變化的中斷運行變量將系統密鑰內存常量進行修改，出現密鑰驗證失敗導致讀卡數據失敗的問題，通過及時關相應中斷的方法，解決讀卡數據失敗的問題，保證診斷檢測設備數據追蹤的穩定運行。

關鍵詞：RFID；射頻讀卡器；在線升級；密鑰；.map文件

中圖分類號：TP391 文獻標志碼：A 文章編號：2095-2945（2024）24-0138-04

Abstract： By studying the failure of the RFID card reader used for in vitro diagnostic sample data tracking in medical testing equipment when reading sample label data， the hardware composition of the online RF card reader and the program logic design of the software system， as well as the key storage location and interactive verification process in the card reader and label are analyzed. At the same time， the software operation mode and the response mode of card reader and label are summarized in the actual process of card reading and writing. By comparing the .map file generated By the editor， the root cause of the change of the key constant of the storage area is queried and verified. The results show that in the process of program jump， as the timer interrupt vector in the boot program is not closed in time， the changed interrupt operation variable modifies the system key memory constant， and the failure of key verification leads to the failure of card reading data. By turning off the corresponding interrupt in time， the problem of failure of card reading data is solved to ensure the stable operation of data tracking of diagnosis and detection equipment.

Keywords： RFID; RF card reader; online upgrade; key; .map file

無線射頻識別技術（Radio Frequency Idenfication，RFID）是一種非接觸的自動識別技術，其基本原理是利用射頻信號在空間耦合（電感或電磁耦合）或雷達反射的傳輸特性，實現對被識別物體的自動識別和數據傳輸。RFID系統至少包含讀卡器和電子標簽2個部分。其中，讀卡器包含MCU控制單元和射頻發射天線，電子標簽是射頻識別系統的數據載體。電子標簽由標簽天線和標簽專用芯片組成。讀卡器和電子標簽通過輸入密鑰或讀取存儲在設備中的密鑰進行身份的認證。

1 系統設計

根據ISO規范，通信……