垃圾焚燒發(fā)電廠冷卻水系統(tǒng)一鍵啟動及現(xiàn)場總線應(yīng)用

摘 要：循環(huán)冷卻水系統(tǒng)是發(fā)電廠中最重要的輔助系統(tǒng)之一，其啟動流程復(fù)雜且人工操作會時常導(dǎo)致啟動故障；在運行時，處于非經(jīng)濟狀態(tài)下的循環(huán)冷卻水系統(tǒng)電耗占整個發(fā)電機組的15%～25%。為解決上述2個問題，該文依據(jù)循環(huán)冷卻水系統(tǒng)運行原理以及APS分層分級的設(shè)計原則，設(shè)計一套APS自啟動控制系統(tǒng)，大大簡化機組啟動流程，避免由運行人員操作不當(dāng)引起的工作失誤。而后系統(tǒng)基于最佳真空的循環(huán)水系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化方法，根據(jù)熱力學(xué)計算和數(shù)據(jù)分析，構(gòu)建經(jīng)濟真空模型，找到最佳經(jīng)濟真空值并確定單臺循環(huán)水泵運行時系統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟性最高。經(jīng)實驗證明，在工況相近的條件下，單泵比雙泵運行時循環(huán)水泵電耗減少51%，冷卻塔風(fēng)機電耗減少6.4%，節(jié)水69.33 t，達(dá)到了較好的節(jié)能效果。

關(guān)鍵詞：生活垃圾焚燒電廠；循環(huán)冷卻水系統(tǒng)；一鍵啟動；系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化；自啟動

中圖分類號：TM621 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A 文章編號：2095-2945（2024）22-0110-06

Abstract： The circulating cooling water system is one of the most important auxiliary systems in the power plant， and its start-up process is complex and manual operation will often lead to start-up failures; during operation， the power consumption of the circulating cooling water system in a non-economic state accounts for 15% and 25% of the whole generator set. In order to solve the above two problems， according to the operation principle of circulating cooling water system and the design principle of APS hierarchical classification， a set of APS self-starting control system is designed， which greatly simplifies the unit start-up process and avoids the work errors caused by improper operation. Then the system is based on the optimization method of the circulating water system with the optimal vacuum. According to the thermodynamic calculation and data analysis， the economic vacuum model is constructed， the best economic vacuum value is found and the highest economy of the system is determined when a single ci5DHIjims6OSOQka1OmDllA==rculating pump is running. It is proved by experiments that under similar working conditions， the power consumption of single pump is 51% less than that of double pumps， the power consumption of cooling tower fan is reduced by 6.4%， and water saving is 69.33 t， which achieves a better energy saving effect.

Keywords： municipal solid waste incineration power plant; circulating cooling water system; one-button start; system optimization; self-start

隨著火電機組控制系統(tǒng)自動化、智能化發(fā)展的要求，機組一鍵啟停控制系統(tǒng)（Automation Plant Start up and Shut down System，APS）已被廣泛應(yīng)用到燃煤電站、燃?xì)廨啓C機組控制系統(tǒng)中，從而全面提高電廠自動化水平，以確保機組安全可靠、經(jīng)濟高效運行，避免由運行人員操作不當(dāng)引起的工作失誤，大大簡化了機組啟停流程[1]，甚至APS還能促進(jìn)電廠電能質(zhì)量的提升[2]。目前，國內(nèi)已有華能海門電廠2×1 000 MW機組、珠海電廠4號600 MW機組、湛江奧里油電廠2×600 MW機組及廣西北海電廠2×300 MW等機組將APS已成功投入運行[3]。APS在火力發(fā)電廠中的應(yīng)用已很成熟，將APS控制系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用到垃圾焚燒電廠中勢必能有效提高垃圾焚燒廠的啟停效率，降低機組啟停成本及故障率。……