



摘 要:為有效避免山體滑坡對鐵路交通運輸的影響和經濟損失,對鐵路軌道的易滑坡區域進行高效、實時的監測和預警,該文提出基于LoRa通信的鐵路軌道滑坡實時監測預警系統。該系統通過角度傳感器與雨量傳感器采集易滑坡區域的各項數據,實現對易滑坡區域的實時監測,通過LoRa通信將采集到的數據實時上傳至上位機,以保證系統能夠及時發現易滑坡區域的異常,并發出預警。同時,該系統的特殊構成和安裝方式適用于多種易滑坡區域的地形,能夠全面、準確地監測各項數據變化。該系統具有監測精度高、實時、低功耗的特點,能有效避免山體滑坡對鐵路交通運輸造成的影響。
關鍵詞:LoRa;鐵路軌道;滑坡;監測;預警
中圖分類號:U298 文獻標志碼:A 文章編號:2095-2945(2024)22-0022-04
Abstract: In order to effectively avoid the impact of landslides on railway transportation and economic losses, efficient and real-time monitoring and early warning of landslide-prone areas of railway tracks are carried out. A real-time monitoring and early warning system of railway track landslides based on LoRa communication is proposed. The system collects various data of landslide-prone areas through angle sensors and rainfall sensors to realize real-time monitoring of landslide-prone areas. The collected data will be uploaded to the host computer in real time through LoRa communication to ensure that the system can find the anomalies in the areas prone to landslides in time and issue early warning. At the same time, the special structure and installation mode of the system are suitable for a variety of landslides, and can comprehensively and accurately monitor the changes of various data. The system has the characteristics of high monitoring accuracy, real-time and low power consumption, and can effectively avoid the impact of landslides on railway transportation.
Keywords: LoRa; railway track; landslide; monitoring; early warning
隨著當今社會發展,越來越多的人將火車高鐵作為主要的交通工具之一。同時,鐵路的發展對人們的生產生活,社會乃至國家的經濟發展和旅游業的發展都起著至關重要的作用。在我國西南地區,特別是西南丘陵地區群山環繞,山勢陡峭,土壤結構疏松,極易受地質、氣候變化、人類活動的影響,山體滑坡和泥石流等滑坡災害頻繁發生,對人民群眾的生活和生命安全造成了巨大影響[1]。
在實地檢測工作中,國內外只采用了宏觀地質觀測法、儀表觀測法及自動遙測法,這些監測方法普遍存在的問題是系統采集數據需要人工定期到達現場進行采集,導致數據缺乏實時性、及時性、即時性[2-3]。……