格

古代法律形式。主要行于南北朝至元代。“格”的名稱淵源于漢代的“科”，東魏始以“格”代“科”，孝靜帝制定《麟趾格》。隋唐時，“格成為四種法律形式之一。“格”的主要內涵有二：一是皇帝日常發布的修改律令或有關定罪量刑敕令的匯編，二是國家機關各部門日常工作中所必須遵循的章程。在唐代，“格”主要分為兩種，頒行于天下的是“散頒格”，留于官署而不普遍頒行的是“留司格”。宋代的“格”多為留司格。元代以“格”代“律”，“格”成為最重要的法律形式，《至元新格》成為元代首部成文法典。明清時期，“格”不再作為單獨的法律形式出現。

Ge （Ruling） was an ancient legal form implemented from the Southern and NorthernDynasties to the Yuan Dynasty， With its name originating from ke （regulations） of the HanDynasty， it replaced ke in the Eastern Wei Dynasty. For example， Emperor Xiaojingformulated Linzhi Ge （Ruling of the Linzhi Hall）. In the Sui and Tang dynasties， it becameone of the four legal forms. Ge mainly consisted of two types： one included the compilationof imperial decrees on revision of lü and ling or edicts on conviction and sentencing， andthe other included the regulations followed in the daily work of various departments.In theTang Dynasty， there were two main types of ge， namely， “sanbange” （universal ruling），which was implemented among the public and “liusige”（administrative ruling on officeaffairs）， which was reserved for officials. In the Song Dynasty， “liusige”was dominant.In the Yuan Dynasty， ge replaced lü to become the most important legal form， and ZhiyuanXinge （New Ruling of the Zhiyuan Reign） became its first written code. In the Ming andQing dynasties， it was no longer used as a separate legal form.